Sex-related differences in urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder in Germany

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flowchart of patient selection.

Abbreviations: EAU, European Association of Urology; MIBC, muscle invasive bladder cancer; NMIBC, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; UCC, urothelial cell cancer; TUR-BT, transurethral resection of the bladder tumor.

Figure 2 Distribution of UCC depth of infiltration on first diagnosis.

Abbreviation: UCC, urothelial cell carcinoma.

Table 1 Risk group subgroup analysis

EAU risk groups	Sex (no.)	Recurrence no. (%)	Risk group specific P (χ^2)	Progression no. (%)	Risk group specific P (χ^2)
“Low”			0.1		0.03
	Male (21)	3 (14.3)		1 (4.8)
	Female (6)	3 (50)		3 (50)
	Total (27)	6 (22.2)		4 (14.8)
“Intermediate”			1		1
	Male (101)	18 (17.8)		10 (10)
	Female (25)	4 (16)		2 (8)
	Total (126)	22 (17.5)		12 (17.5)
“High”			0.81		0.32
	Male (140)	26 (18.6)		10 (10.1)
	Female (38)	6 (15.8)		5 (13.1)
	Total (178)	32 (18)		15 (8.4)

Abbreviation: EAU, European Association of Urology.

Table 2 Cox proportional hazards model for RFS and PFS

	Variables	P-value	HR (95% CI)
	Age	0.46	0.991 (0.967–1.015)
RFS	Patient’s sex	0.76	0.907 (0.486–1.694)
	NMIBC	0.35	0.637 (0.25–1.627)
	MIBC	0.06	3.1 (0.955–10.07)
	Age	0.77	1.005 (0.97–1.043)
PFS	Patient’s sex	0.11	0.53 (0.144–1.151)
	NMIBC	0.49	0.597 (0.136–2.615)
	MIBC	0.02	6.54 (1.29–33.2)

Note: Two-sided P-values were derived from the Cox proportional hazards model using all variables in the table.

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; MIBC, muscle invasive bladder cancer; NMIBC, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer; PFS, progression-free survival; RFS, recurrence-free survival.

Figure 3 Kaplan–Meier plots for recurrence-free survival.

Note: Probability of recurrence-free survival is plotted over time and the Kaplan–Meier plots indicate no difference in female and male patients (log-rank test P=0.93).

Figure 4 Kaplan–Meier plots for progression-free survival.

Note: Probability of progression-free survival is plotted over time and the Kaplan–Meier plots indicate no difference in female and male patients. (Log-rank test P=0.116).