Mortality trends of bladder cancer in China from 1991 to 2015: an age-period-cohort analysis

Figures & data

Figure 1 Trends of ASMRs/100,000 population for bladder cancer in China.

Abbreviation: ASMRs, age-standardized mortality rates.

Figure 2 Age, period, and cohort-specific mortality rates for bladder cancer/100,000 population in China.

Note: (A) Shows the bladder cancer mortality of total population; (B) shows the bladder cancer mortality of males; and (C) shows the bladder cancer mortality of females.

Figure 3 Age, period, and cohort effects on bladder cancer mortality in China and the corresponding 95% CIs.

Note: (A) Shows the bladder cancer mortality of total population; (B) shows the bladder cancer mortality of males; and (C) shows the bladder cancer mortality of females.

Abbreviation: APC, age-period-cohort.

Table 1 APC model analysis of bladder cancer mortality in China by gender

	Total	Males	Females
	Coef. (95% CI)	Coef. (95% CI)	Coef. (95% CI)
Age (year)
35–39	−2.02 (−4.16 to 0.12)	−2.06 (−3.85 to −0.28)	−2.04 (−5.00 to 0.93)
40–44	−1.68 (−3.3 to −0.06)	−1.80 (−3.20 to −0.41)	−1.41 (−3.43 to 0.61)
45–49	−1.30 (−2.65 to 0.04)	−1.41 (−2.56 to −0.26)	−1.05 (−2.75 to 0.65)
50–54	−0.65 (−1.67 to 0.37)	−0.68 (−1.54 to 0.18)	−0.59 (−1.97 to 0.79)
55–59	−0.20 (−1.01 to 0.61)	−0.23 (−0.91 to 0.46)	−0.17 (−1.26 to 0.92)
60–64	0.28 (−0.34 to 0.90)	0.30 (−0.21 to 0.82)	0.20 (−0.66 to 1.06)
65–69	0.73 (0.26 to 1.21)	0.80 (0.41 to 1.19)	0.56 (−0.12 to 1.23)
70–74	1.29 (0.89 to 1.69)	1.35 (1.02 to 1.67)	1.15 (0.59 to 1.71)
75–79	1.64 (1.20 to 2.08)	1.71 (1.35 to 2.07)	1.55 (0.95 to 2.15)
80–84	1.91 (1.34 to 2.47)	2.02 (1.56 to 2.49)	1.81 (1.05 to 2.57)
Period (year)
1991–	−0.07 (−0.51 to 0.37)	−0.09 (−0.46 to 0.27)	0.04 (−0.55 to 0.64)
1996–	0.05 (−0.23 to 0.32)	0.06 (−0.17 to 0.28)	0.09 (−0.30 to 0.48)
2001–	−0.11 (−0.33 to 0.12)	−0.18 (−0.37 to 0.00)	−0.04 (−0.37 to 0.30)
2006–	0.02 (−0.27 to 0.32)	0.06 (−0.18 to 0.30)	−0.06 (−0.48 to 0.37)
2011–2015	0.10 (−0.33 to 0.53)	0.16 (−0.20 to 0.51)	−0.04 (−0.63 to 0.56)
Cohort (year)
1911–	0.96 (0.08 to 1.83)	1.11 (0.40 to 1.83)	0.78 (−0.42 to 1.98)
1916–	0.87 (0.16 to 1.59)	0.94 (0.36 to 1.53)	0.79 (−0.19 to 1.77)
1921–	0.71 (0.08 to 1.33)	0.73 (0.22 to 1.24)	0.68 (−0.19 to 1.55)
1926–	0.68 (0.09 to 1.27)	0.67 (0.19 to 1.15)	0.66 (−0.18 to 1.51)
1931–	0.55 (−0.06 to 1.17)	0.52 (0.02 to 1.02)	0.56 (−0.32 to 1.44)
1936–	0.31 (−0.42 to 1.03)	0.26 (−0.33 to 0.86)	0.33 (−0.71 to 1.36)
1941–	0.09 (−0.8 to 0.97)	0.05 (−0.67 to 0.78)	0.11 (−1.15 to 1.36)
1946–	0.02 (−1.04 to 1.08)	−0.03 (−0.91 to 0.84)	0.04 (−1.44 to 1.52)
1951–	−0.13 (−1.38 to 1.12)	−0.15 (−1.19 to 0.88)	−0.17 (−1.89 to 1.56)
1956–	−0.36 (−1.81 to 1.1)	−0.39 −1.60 to 0.83)	−0.32 (−2.29 to 1.64)
1961–	−0.52 (−2.31 to 1.26)	−0.52 (−2.00 to 0.96)	−0.56 (−3.02 to 1.9)
1966–	−0.50 (−2.69 to 1.69)	−0.47 (−2.30 to 1.35)	−0.55 (−3.52 to 2.42)
1971–	−1.05 (−4.37 to 2.28)	−1.06 (−3.84 to 1.72)	−0.89 (−5.21 to 3.42)
1976–1980	−1.62 (−9.26 to 6.01)	−1.66 (−7.90 to 4.59)	−1.46 (−12.24 to 9.33)
Intercept	0.73 (0.04 to 1.42)	1.15 (0.59 to 1.72)	0.03 (−0.93 to 0.98)
Deviance	1.34	2.50	1.06
AIC	3.91	4.29	3.31
BIC	−92.55	−91.39	−92.83

Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike information criterion; BIC, Bayesian information criterion; Coef., coefficient; APC, age-period-cohort.