Laparoscopic hepatectomy versus radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristic of included studies

Author	Publication year	Period	Country	Study design	Follow-up (month)	Inclusion criteria	Score
Casaccia^Citation12	2015/2017	2005–2010	Italy	Retrospective	LH 44.74±21.3 RFA 40.27±30.8	Single lesion with size ≤6.5 cm or ≤3 lesions with size ≤4.5 cm	8
Harada^Citation13	2016	2008–2015	Japan	Retrospective with PSM	29.3 (0.3–89.2)	Single lesion with size ≤5.0 cm or ≤3 lesions with size ≤3 cm; HCC with PH	7
Ito^Citation14	2016	2011–2013	Japan	Retrospective with PSM	LH: 21 (2–47) RFA: 23 (4–44)	Surface HCC; 1–3 lesions with size ≤3 cm	7
Lai^16	2016	2005–2010	China	Retrospective	≥3 years	Single lesion with size ≤5.0 cm or ≤3 lesions with size ≤3 cm	7
Song^Citation9	2015	2007–2013	China	Retrospective	31.2 (21.1–49.5)	Single lesion with size <4 cm	8
Vitali^17	2015	1998–2012	France/Switzerland	Retrospective	26 (2–129)	Single lesion with size ≤3 cm	8
Yamashita^Citation10	2019	2000–2016	Japan	Retrospective	LH: 37.2 (1.2–160.8) RFA: 57.6 (2.4–164.4)	Single lesion with size ≤5.0 cm or ≤3 lesions with size ≤3 cm; HCC with severely cirrhosis	8
Mariani^18*	2017	2001–2016	Italy	Retrospective	Median of 34	Single lesion with size ≤3 cm	-
Cheung^19*	2017	2002–2015	China	Retrospective	-	HCC with cirrhosis	-
Lin^15*	2017	2007–2015	China	Retrospective with PSM	-	Recurrent HCC	-

Note: *Conference abstract.

Table 2 Demographics and baseline characteristics

First author	Casaccia^Citation12		Harada^Citation13		Ito^Citation14		Lai^Citation16		Song^Citation9		Vitali^Citation17		Yamashita^Citation10
Surgical group	LH	RFA	LH	RFA	LH	RFA	LH	RFA	LH	RFA	LH	RFA	LH	RFA
Age (years)	64.62±9.51	61.48±7.75	74±6	73±9	67 (65–70)	71 (69–74)	56.5±12.6	62.8±11.3	48(4,57)	48 (43,58)	61.4 (31–84)	67.3 (47–83)	>66.9±9.1	66.5±9.5
Gender (M/F)	17/9	20/4	9/11	11/9	26/14	30/22	24/4	29/4	70/8	70/8	30/15	52/8	25/13	40/22
BMI (kg/m^2)	–	–	–	–			22.6±3.0	22.7±3.4	–	–	25.3 (18.5–37.2)	25.7 (16.3–35.6)	–	–
Diabetes mellitus	–	–	–	–	10	16	4	9	–	–	–	–	–	–
HBV related	13	10	2	1	9	6	23	25	73	77	–	–	5	9
HCV related	16	8	15	14	26	43	1	1	–	–	–	–	30	45
Alcohol	6	3	–	–	3	4	12	9	–	–	13	26	–	–
ICGR15	–	–	26±15	29±19	–	–	–	–	7.8±4.4	9.1±4.0	–	–	22.4±7.8	32.9±10.0
EV	–	–	13	15	4	12	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Bilirubin (mg/dL)	–	–	0.9±0.3	1.0±0.5	0.67 (0.56–0.77)	0.8 (0.69–0.9)	1.45±0.58	1.82±1.14	1.79±0.57	1.97±0.84	1.3 (0.6–3.9)	2.05 (0.9–9.4)	1.0±0.5	1.0±0.6
Albumin (g/dL)	–	–	4.2±0.5	3.7±0.4	4.2 (4.1–4.3)	3.8 (3.7–4.0)	3.86±0.39	3.81±0.51	4.27±0.42	4.22±0.51	4.0 (2.8–4.8)	3.3 (2.1–4.1)	3.6±0.4	3.3±0.4
PT*	–	–	–	–	90.4 (86.2–94.7)	87.9 (83.8–92)	0.87±1.0	1.31±1.3	12.2±1.2	12.4±1.8	84 (50–100)	82.5 (40–100)	–	–
PTA (%)	–	–	91±11	87±13	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
AST (U/l)	–	–	43±16	48±18	41.1 (34.3–48.0)	50.5 (42.3–58.6)	32.8±17.0	35.9±16.3	–	–	–	–	–	–
ALT (U/l)	–	–	41±17	44±27	38.3 (31.1–45.5)	39.3 (33.0–45.7)	30.7±19.4	47.5±52.6	44.9±22.2	42.3±19.1	–	–	–	–
AFP (ng/mL)	344±1118	397±1009	41±53	55±68	–	–	15.5 (1.7–16932)	21.7 (1.9–4097)	38.5 (6.9, 281.9)	43.0 (6.0, 181.7)	–	–	291±1320	94±202

Note: *Recorded for the percent or delayed time (seconds).

Figure 1 Flow chart of study selection.

Figure 2 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of (A) 1-year, (B) 3-year rate, and (C) 5-year overall survival rate.

Figure 3 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of (A) 1-year, (B) 3-year rate, and (C) 5-year disease-free survival rate.

Figure 4 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of (A) 1-year, (B) 2-year rate, and (C) 3-year local recurrence rate.

Figure 5 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of the complications.

Figure 6 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of (A) 1-year, (B) 3-year rate, and (C) 5-year overall survival rate (subgroup analysis for small hepatocellular carcinoma).

Figure 7 The forest plot of the comparison in terms of (A) 1-year, (B) 3-year rate, and (C) 5-year disease-free survival rate (subgroup analysis for small hepatocellular carcinoma).

Figure S1 The funnel plot for the comparison of overall survival rate.

Figure S2 The funnel plot for the comparison of disease-free survival rate.

Figure S3 The funnel plot for the comparison of complications.

Figure S4 Forest plots of studies included comparing the complications between LH and RFA (subgroup analysis for small hepatocellular carcinoma).

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