Short-term benefit of neoadjuvant hormone therapy in patients with localized high-risk or limited progressive prostate cancer

Figures & data

Figure 4 Change of clinical and pathological stage (61 ≤ age ≤70 years).

Table 1 Summary of overall data

Factors	NHT Group (n=116)	Non-NHT Group (n=73)	p-value
Age (y)	66.6 (SD±7.0)	66.0 (SD±7.2)	0.718*
Height (m)	1.70 (IQR: 1.67–1.74)	1.70 (IQR: 1.67–1.76)	0.274#
Weight (kg)	71.0 (SD±10.1)	71.4 (SD±9.6)	0.802*
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.50 (SD±2.90)	24.32 (SD±2.77)	0.783*
Volume of Prostate before NHT	46.45 (IQR: 33.95–65.12)	/	/
Preoperative Volume	31.50 (IQR: 22.25–46.15)	32.09 (IQR: 24.50–42.95)	0.629#
Diabetes	19 (16.4%)	11 (15.1%)	0.810※
History of Abdominal or Pelvic Surgery	22 (19.0%)	2 (2.7%)	0.001※
Choice of NHT
ARA alone	32 (27.6%)	/	/
GnRH agonist alone	3 (2.6%)	/	/
Combination	81 (69.8%)	/	/
Treatment Time of NHT
≤3 months	87 (75.0%)	/	/
3–6 months	20 (17.2%)	/	/
>6 months	9 (7.8%)	/	/
PSA before Biopsy	19.96 (IQR: 11.86–33.25)	/	/
Preoperative PSA	2.69 (IQR: 0.65–6.73)	17.60 (IQR: 8.60–24.22)	0.001#
Gleason Score	7.09 (SD±1.95)	7.63 (SD±1.34)	0.994*
OT (min)	109.0 (IQR: 71.3–144.8)	109.0 (IQR: 71.5–181.5)	0.616#
EBL (mL)	35.0 (IQR: 20.0–100.0)	70.0 (IQR: 20.0–150.0)	0.005#
Clinical Staging
T1	11 (9.5%)	2 (2.7%)	0.075※
T2	72 (62.1%)	28 (38.4%)	0.001※
T3a	9 (7.8%)	32 (43.8%)	0.001※
T3b	19 (16.4%)	11 (15.1%)	0.001※
T4	5 (4.3%)	0	0.001※
Pathological Staging
T0	4 (3.4%)	0	0.001※
T2	55 (47.4%)	17 (23.3%)	0.001※
T3a	21 (18.1%)	27 (37.0%)	0.004※
T3b	34 (29.3%)	29 (39.7%)	0.139※
T4	2 (1.7%)	0	0.001※
PSM rate	31.0% (36/116)	28.8% (21/73)	0.741※
LOS (d)	4 (IQR: 4–6)	5 (IQR: 4–6)	0.094#
DD (d)	3 (IQR: 3–4)	4 (IQR: 3–4)	0.122#

Notes: *Analysis of variance, # the Kruskal–Wallis test, ※ Pearson’s chi-square test.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; PSA, prostate specific antigen; NHT, neoadjuvant hormone therapy; ARA, androgen receptor antagonists; OT, operative time; EBL, estimated blood loss; PSM, positive surgical margins; LOS, hospital length of stay; DD, drainage duration.

Table 2 Reduction of PSA level and prostate volume

Factors	PSA level (ng/mL)			Prostate volume (mL)
Before biopsy	Preoperative	p	Before biopsy	Preoperative	p
ARA alone, ≤3 months	16.25 (IQR: 10.30–27.94)	7.08 (IQR: 3.79–12.50)	0.001#	50.47 (SD±19.27)	39.86 (SD±18.32)	0.042*
Combination, ≤3 months	18.82 (IQR: 11.42–27.57)	2.77 (IQR: 0.82–4.89)	0.001#	48.06 (SD±24.15)	35.48 (SD±20.70)	0.011*
Combination, 3–6 months	21.33 (IQR: 16.89–39.73)	0.22 (IQR: 0.05–0.76)	0.001#	69.57 (SD±43.18)	41.97 (SD±29.95)	0.024*
Combination, >6 months	49.4 (IQR: 24.17–80.75)	0.02 (IQR: 0.09–0.30)	0.001#	68.00 (IQR: 44.81–106.60)	25.90 (IQR: 10.85–32.00)	0.003#

Notes: *Analysis of variance, # the Kruskal–Wallis test.

Abbreviations: PSA, prostate specific antigen; ARA, androgen receptor antagonists.

Figure 1 Reduction magnitude of PSA level and prostate volume.

Figure 2 Change of clinical and pathological stage.

Figure 3 Change of clinical and pathological stage (age ≤60 yea).

Figure 5 Change of clinical and pathological stage (age >70 years).

Table 3 Comparison between NHT group and Non-NHT group

Factors	NHT Group				Non-NHT Group	p-value
ARA alone, ≤3 months	Combination, ≤3 months	Combination, 3–6 months	Combination, >6 months
OT (min)	143.0 (IQR: 108.3–182.5)	95.0 (IQR: 71.0–132.3)	100.0 (IQR: 65.8–129.5)	85.0 (IQR:66.0–111.5)	109.0 (IQR: 71.5–181.5)	0.007#
EBL (mL)	50.0 (IQR: 20.0–137.5)	20.0 (IQR: 20.0–100.0)	50.0 (IQR:20.0–100.0)	20.0 (IQR:20.0–125.0)	70.0 (IQR: 20.0–150.0)	0.014#
PSM rate	43.8% (14/18)	26.9% (14/38)	30.0% (6/14)	0	28.8% (21/73)	0.132※
LOS (d)	5.0 (IQR: 4.0–7.0)	4.0 (IQR: 4.0–5.8)	3.0 (IQR: 4.0–5.0)	3.0 (IQR: 4.0–5.0)	5 (IQR: 4–6)	0.046#
DD (d)	4.0 (IQR: 3.0–5.8)	3.0 (IQR: 2.0–4.0)	3.0 (IQR: 2.0–3.0)	3.0 (IQR: 2.5–3.5)	4 (IQR: 3–4)	0.009#

Notes: # the Kruskal–Wallis test, ※ Pearson’s chi-square test.

Abbreviations: NHT, neoadjuvant hormone therapy; ARA, androgen receptor antagonists; OT, operative time; EBL, estimated blood loss; PSM, positive surgical margins; LOS, hospital length of stay; DD, drainage duration.