Prognostic significance of a novel indicator (PSA_postd3/PSA_pre) for PSA recurrence in patients after radical prostatectomy

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical and pathological characteristic of the population

Variable	Value
Number of patients	102
Median (IQR) age at surgery, years	66.5(61,70)
Median (IQR) prostate volume, ml	35(30,45)
Median (IQR) preoperative PSA level, ng/mL	10(6.4,16.5)
Median (IQR) follow-up time, months	56.4(40.7,74.8)
N (%):
Pathological stage:
pT2	76(74.5)
pT3a	10(9.8)
pT3b	16(15.7)
Postoperative Gleason Grade:
1	31(30.4)
2–3	50(49.0)
4–5	21(20.6)
Surgical margins:
Negative	57(55.9)
Positive	45(44.1)
PSA recurrence
Yes	27(26.5)
No	75(73.5)

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; PSA, prostate specific antigen.

Figure 1 Comparison of PSA_postd3/PSA_pre between PSA recurrence groups and PSA recurrence-free groups.

Abbreviation: PSA_postd3/PSA_pre, The ratio of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) on day 3 postop as the numerator and the pre-operative PSA as the denominator.

Figure 2 Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of PSA_postd3/PSA_pre to predict PSA recurrence (n=102, area under curve=0.760, cut-off=0.453, Youden=0.557, sensitivity=0.704, 1-specificity=0.147, P<0.0001).

Abbreviation: PSA_postd3/PSA_pre, The ratio of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) on day 3 postop as the numerator and the pre-operative PSA as the denominator.

Table 2 Fisher’s exact test results of different factors (n=102)

	PSA recurrence	PSA recurrence-free	P-value
Age at operation (years old)
≤70	21	56
>70	6	18	>0.999
Preoperative PSA (ng/mL)
≤10 ng/mL	11	41
>10 ng/mL	16	34	0.264
Surgical margin status
Negative	14	43
Positive	13	32	0.657
Pathological T stage
T2	16	60
T3	11	15	0.042*
Postoperative Gleason Grade
1	4	27
2–3	13	37
4–5	10	11	0.021*
PSApostd3/PSApre
≤0.453	8	64
>0.453	19	11	<0.0001*

Notes: *P<0.05 is considered to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: PSA, prostate specific antigen; PSA_postd3/PSA_pre= The ratio of the PSA on day 3 postop as the numerator and the pre-operative PSA as the denominator.

Table 3 Multivariable logistic regression analyses for developing PSA recurrence

Variable	Multivariate analysis
	HR (95%CI)	P-value
Age(years)
≤70	1
>70	1.277(0.314–5.194)	0.733
Preoperative PSA(ng/ml)
≤10	1
>10	2.616(0.717–9.538)	0.145
Surgical margin status
Negative	1
Positive	0.750(0.234–2.409)	0.629
Pathological T stage
T2	1
T3	3.911(0.968–15.805)	0.056
Postoperative Gleason Grade
1	1
2–3	2.899(0.582–14.431)	0.194
4–5	5.263(0.924–29.981)	0.061
PSApostd3/PSApre
≤0.453	1
>0.453	27.415(6.795–110.605)	<0.001*

Notes: *P<0.05 is considered to be statistically significant.

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PSA, prostate specific antigen; PSA_postd3/PSA_pre, The ratio of the PSA on day 3 postop as the numerator and the pre-operative PSA as the denominator.

Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier estimates of the probability of PRFS according to PSA_postd3/PSA_pre.

Abbreviations: PRFS, PSA recurrence-free survival; PSA_postd3/PSA_pre, The ratio of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) on day 3 postop as the numerator and the pre-operative PSA as the denominator.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.