Expression of CD133 and CD24 and their different phenotypes in urinary bladder carcinoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of the studied population (n=60)

Variables	n	%
Age in years: mean (± SD)	57±7.43
Gender
Male	48	80
Female	12	20
Histological type
Urothelial carcinoma	50	83.3
Non-urothelial carcinoma	10	16.7
Histological grade
Low grade (1 & 2)	22	36.7
High grade (3)	38	63.4
Lymphovascular invasion
Yes	6	10
No	54	90
Perineural invasion
Yes	4	6.7
No	56	93.3
Associated schistosomiasis
Present	10	16.7
Absent	50	83.3
Pathologic stage
Non-muscle invasive
pTa/pTis	0	0
pT1	16	26.7
Muscle invasive
pT2	21	35
pT3	15	25
pT4	8	13.3
Lymph node status
N0	53	88.3
N1	7	11.7
Distant metastasis
Present	5	8.3
Absent	55	91.7

Table 2 Correlation of CD133 and CD24 expression with clinicopathological parameters

Variables	CD133			p-value^1	p-value^2	CD24			P-value^1	P-value^2
	Positive		Negative			Positive		Negative
	Low	High	Low			High
	n=12	n=10	n=38			n=7	n=10	n=43
n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Age
≤50 (n=5)	1 (8.3)	0 (0)	4 (10.5)	0.54	0.38	0 (0)	0 (0)	5 (11.6)	1	0.17
>50 (n=55)	11 (91.7)	10 (100)	34 (89.5)			7 (100)	10 (100)	38 (88.9)
Gender
Male (n=48)	10 (83.3)	8 (80)	30 (78.9)	0.63	0.53	5 (71.4)	7 (70)	36 (83.7)	0.68	0.212
Female (n=12)	2 (16.7)	2 (20)	8 (21.1)			2 (28.6)	3 (30)	7 (16.3)
Histological type
Urothelial carcinoma (n=40)	11 (91.7)	7 (70)	32 (84.2)	0.225	0.53	6 (85.7)	7 (70)	37 (86.4)	0.44	0.29
Non-urothelial carcinoma (n=10)	1 (8.3)	3 (30)	6 (15.2)			1(14.3)	3 (30)	6 (14)
Associated schistosomiasis
Present (n=10)	1 (8.3)	3 (30)	6 (15.2)	0.225	0.53	2 (28.6)	2 (20)	6 (14)	0.55	0.295
Absent (n=50)	11 (91.7)	7 (70)	32 (84.2)			5 (71.4)	8 (80)	37 (86)
Histological grade
Low (1& 2) (n=22)	3 (25)	1 (10)	18 (47.4)	0.36	0.022	0 (0)	2 (20)	20 (46.5)	0.33	0.01
High (3) (n=38)	9 (75)	9 (90)	20 (52.6)			7 (100)	8 (80)	23 (53.5)
Muscle invasion
Non-muscle invasive (n=16)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	14 (36.8)	0.28	0.017	0 (0)	0 (0)	16 (37.2)	1	0.001
Muscle invasive (n=44)	10 (83.3)	10 (100)	24 (63.2)			7 (100)	10 (100)	27 (62.8)
Lymphovascular invasion
Present (n=6)	1(8.3)	3(30)	2 (5.3)	0.225	0.12	2 (28.6)	2 (20)	2 (4.7)	0.558	0.048
Absent (n=54)	11 (91.7)	7 (70)	36 (94.7)			5 (71.4)	8 (80)	41 (95.3)
Perineural invasion
Present (n=4)	1 (8.3)	0 (0)	3 (7.9)	0.54	0.53	1(14.3)	0 (0)	3 (7)	0.41	0.68
Absent (n=56)	11 (91.7)	10 (100)	35 (92.1)			6 (85.7)	10(100)	40 (93)
Pathological stage
I (n=16)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	14 (36.8)	1	0.0001	0 (0)	0 (0)	16 (37.2)	0.79	0.007
II (n=21)	2 (16.7)	3 (30)	16 (42.1)			4 (57.1)	4 (40)	13 (30.2)
III (n=15)	6 (50)	5 (50)	4 (10.5)			2 (28.6)	5 (50)	8 (18.6)
IV (n=8)	2 (16.7)	2 (20)	4 (10.5)			1(14.3)	1 (10)	6 (13.9)
Lymph node metastasis
Present (n=7)	1 (8.3)	4 (40)	2 (5.3)	0.105	0.055	1(14.3)	3(30)	3 (7)	0.44	0.09
Absent (n=53)	11 (91.7)	6 (60)	36 (94.7)			6 (85.7)	7(70)	40 (93)
Distant metastasis
Present (n=5)	1 (8.3)	4 (40)	0 (0)	0.105	0.0048	1(14.3)	2(20)	2 (4.7)	0.639	0.132
Absent (n=55)	11(91.7)	6 (60)	38 (100)			6 (85.7)	8(80)	41(95.3)

Notes: P-Value¹: difference between high and low expression. P-Value²: difference between positive and negative expression. Statistically significant p-values are in bold.

Figure 1 Frequency of CD133⁺ and CD24⁺ tumor cells in bladder cancer. (A) Both CD133⁺ and CD24⁺ tumor cells were absent in low grade urothelial carcinoma, and (B) CD133⁺ and (C) CD24⁺ tumor cells were more frequent in non-papillary high grade urothelial carcinoma. (D) In non-urothelial bladder cancer, both CD133⁺ and CD24⁺ tumor cells were absent in well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas. (E) CD133⁺ and (F) CD24⁺ tumor cells were more frequent as tumors grew less differentiated. (IHC, A, B, and D; ×200, C and E; ×400, F; ×100).

Figure 2 Frequency of CD133⁺ and CD24⁺ tumor cells in muscle invasive bladder cancer. (A) In muscle invasive bladder cancers, (B) CD133⁺ cancer stem cells and (C) CD24⁺ cancer stem cells were frequent within the tumor cell population. (A, hematoxylin and eosin; ×200, B and C; IHC ×200; ×100, respectively).

Figure 3 Expression of CD24 and CD133 in tumors with lymphovascular invasion. (A) The presence of CD24⁺ tumor stem cells exclusively correlated with lymphovascular invasion, regardless of (B) the presence of CD133⁺ tumor stem cells or (C) the absence of CD133⁺ tumor stem cells (IHC, A; ×200, B and C; ×400).

Table 3 Correlation between CD133 and CD24 expression

CD24	Total (n)	CD133						r	P-value	95% CI
Low positive		High positive		Negative
Low positive	7	2	28.5%	0	0%	5	71.4%	0.4337	0.00054	0.202–0.619
High positive	10	0	0%	8	80	2	20%
Negative	43	10	23.3%	2	4.6%	31	72.1%

Notes: Total number of cases; n=60. Cases expressing CD133 and CD24; n=10.

Table 4 Association between CD133/CD24 phenotypes and other clinical characteristics

Variables	CD133/CD24 status, n (%)				p-value
	CD133+/CD24+	CD133+/CD24-	CD133-/CD24+	CD133-/CD24-
	n=10	n=12	n=7	n=31
n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)
Age (years)
<50 (n=5)	0 (0)	1 (8.33)	0 (0)	4 (12.9)	0.76
>50 (n=55)	10 (100)	11 (91.7)	7 (100)	27 (87.1)
Gender (n=60)
Male (n=48)	8 (80)	10 (83.3)	4 (57.2)	26 (83.9)
Female (n=12)	2 (20)	2 (16.7)	3 (42.8)	5 (16.1)
Type of tumor
Urothelial carcinoma (n=50)	9 (90)	9 (75)	4 (57.2)	28 (90.3)	0.122
Non-urothelial carcinoma SCC (n=10)	1 (10)	3 (25)	3 (42.8)	3 (9.7)
Associated schistosomiasis
Present (n=10)	2 (20)	2 (16.7)	2 (28.6)	4 (12.9)	0.717
Absent (n=50)	8 (80)	10 (83.3)	5 (71.4)	27 (87.1)
Histological grade
Low (n=22)	0 (0)	3 (25)	2 (28.6)	17 (54.8)	0.006
High (n=38)	10 (100)	9 (75)	5 (71.4)	14 (45.2)
Muscle invasion
Present (n=44)	10 (100)	10 (83.3)	7 (100)	17 (54.8)	0.005
Absent (n=16)	0 (0)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	14 (45.2)
Lymphovascular invasion
Present (n=6)	4 (40)	0 (0)	2 (28.6)	0 (0)	0.0004
Absent (n=54)	6 (60)	12 (100)	5 (71.4)	31 (100)
Perineural invasion
Present (n=4)	1 (10)	1 (8.3)	1 (14.3)	1 (3.2)	0.34
Absent (n=56)	9 (90)	11 (91.7)	6 (85.7)	30 (96.8)
Pathologic stage
pT1 (n=16)	0 (0)	2 (16.7)	0 (0)	14 (45.2)	0.00003
pT2 (n=21)	5 (50)	0 (0)	3 (42.8)	13 (41.9)
pT3 (n=15)	3 (30)	8 (66.6)	3 (42.8)	1 (3.2)
pT4 (n=8)	2 (20)	2 (16.7)	1 (14.3)	3 (9.7)
Lymph node metastasis
Present (n=7)	4 (40)	1 (8.3)	1 (14.3)	1 (3.2)	0.01
Absent (n=53)	6 (60)	11(91.7)	6 (85.7)	30 (96.8)
Distant metastasis
Present (n=5)	2 (20)	2 (16.7)	1 (14.3)	0 (0)	0.03
Absent (n=55)	8 (80)	10 (83.3)	6 (85.7)	31 (100)

Data availability

Dataset reference: Farid, Rola M; Sammour, Sanaa; Shehab El-Din, Zeinab; Salman, Manal; Omran, Tag (2018), “Evaluation of CD133 and CD24 cancer stem cells and their different phenotypes in bladder carcinoma.”, Mendeley Data, v1http://dx.doi.org/10.17632/xj82cmj29g.1DOI