Familial association of lung cancer with liver cancer in first-degree relatives

Figures & data

Table 1 Epidemiologic characteristics of the two groups

Characteristics	Case Group N(%)	Control Group N(%)	P-value
Age (years)
<50	143(19.7)	157(24.3)	0.041
≥50	583(80.3)	490(75.7)
Gender
Male	474(65.3)	214(33.1)	<0.001
Female	252(34.7)	433(66.9)
Smoking index
0	318(43.8)	509(78.7)
<400	67(9.2)	66(10.2)
≥400	341 (47.0)	72(11.1)	<0.001
History of pulmonary diseases
No	627(86.4)	631(97.5)
Yes	99(13.6)	16(2.5)	<0.001
Living environment
No	592(81.5)	544(84.1)
Yes	134(18.5)	103(15.9)	0.214
Occupational exposure
No	543(74.8)	555(85.8)
Yes	183(25.2)	92(14.2)	<0.001

Table 2 Comparison of numbers in pedigrees

Variables	Case Group N(%)	Control Group N(%)	p-value
Number of FDRs
2	30(4.1)	35(5.4)	0.054
3	81(11.2)	67(10.4)
4	119(16.4)	102(15.8)
5	130(17.9)	123(19)
6	144(19.8)	111(17.2)
7	98(13.5)	105(16.2)
8	69(9.5)	66(10.2)
9	33(4.5)	25(3.9)
10	16(2.2)	10(1.5)
11	4(0.6)	3(0.5)
13	2(0.3)	0(0)
Numbers of siblings
0	30(4.1)	35(5.4)	0.491
1	81(11.2)	67(10.4)
2	119(16.4)	102(15.8)
3	130(17.9)	123(19)
4	144(19.8)	111(17.2)
5	98(13.5)	105(16.2)
6	69(9.5)	66(10.2)

Abbreviation: FDRs, first-degree relatives.

Table 3 Risks of first-degree relatives acquiring cancers

Variables		Case Group N（%）	Control Group N（%）	OR （95%CI）	p-values
FDRs with any cancers	No	491(67.6)	505(78.1)
	Yes	235(32.4)	142(21.9)	1.70 (1.34, 2.17)	<0.001
Number of FDRs with any cancers	0	491(67.6)	504(77.9)	1.00
	1	173(23.8)	121(18.7)	1.47(1.13, 1.91)	0.004
	≥2	62(8.5)	22(3.4)	2.89(1.75, 4.78)	<0.001
FDRs with lung cancer	No	640(88.2)	614(94.9)
	Yes	86(11.8)	33(5.1)	2.50(1.65, 3.79)	<0.001
Number of FDRs with lung cancer	0	640(88.2)	614(94.9)	1.00
	1	74(10.2)	32(4.9)	2.22(1.44, 3.41)	<0.001
≥2	12(1.7)	1(0.2)	11.51(1.49, 88.80)	0.019

Abbreviation: FDRs, first-degree relatives.

Table 4 Risks of first-degree relatives developing different types of cancers

	Case Group N（%）		Control Group N（%）	OR （95%CI）	P-value
Liver cancer	No	687(94.63)	627(96.91)
	Yes	39(5.37)	20(3.09)	1.78(1.03, 3.08)	0.038
Colorectal cancer	No	701(96.56)	627(96.91)
	Yes	25(3.44)	20(3.09)	1.12(0.61, 2.03)	0.714
Esophageal cancer	No	698(96.14)	631(97.53)
	Yes	28(3.86)	16(2.47)	1.58(0.85, 2.95)	0.146
Nasopharyngeal cancer	No	710(97.8)	636(98.3)
	Yes	16(2.2)	11(1.7)	1.30(0.6, 2.83)	0.502
Breast cancer	No	715(98.48)	642(99.23)
	Yes	11(1.52)	5(0.77)	1.98(0.68, 5.72)	0.201

Abbreviation: FDRs, first-degree relatives.

Table 5 Cancer risks of first-degree relatives stratified by Probands’ age

Age (years)	FDRs’ History of Cancer		Case Group N（%）	Control Group N（%）	OR （95%CI）	P-value
<50	Any cancers	No	97(67.83)	130(82.8)
		Yes	46(32.17)	27(17.2)	2.28 (1.33, 3.93)	0.003
	Lung cancer	No	124(86.71)	150(95.54)
		Yes	19(13.29)	7(4.46)	3.28 (1.34, 8.06)	0.007
Liver cancer	No	135(94.41)	156(99.36)
		Yes	8(5.59)	1(0.64)	9.24 (1.14, 74.86)	0.012
≥50	Any cancers	No	394(67.58)	375(76.53)
		Yes	189(32.42)	115(23.47)	1.56 (1.19, 2.05)	0.001
	Lung cancer	No	516(88.51)	464(94.69)
		Yes	67(11.49)	26(5.31)	2.32 (1.45, 3.71)	<0.001
	Liver cancer	No	552(94.68)	471(96.12)
	Yes	31(5.32)	19(3.88)	1.39 (0.78, 2.50)	0.265

Abbreviation: FDRs, first-degree relatives.