Prevalence and risk factors of anxiety and depression in Chinese patients with lung cancer：a cross-sectional study

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of all participants

Variable	N=315	%	Mean (SD)	Range
Gender
Male	211	67.0
Female	104	33.0
Age (years)			62.6 (10.4)	34–89
Education level
Primary school	40	12.70
Middle school	99	31.4
High school	102	32.4
College and above	74	23.5
Healthcare type
Without medical insurance	91	28.9
With medical insurance	224	71.1
Pathological type
Adenocarcinoma	151	47.9
Squamous cell carcinoma	54	17.1
Small cell lung cancer	109	34.6
Large cell carcinoma	1	0.3
Cancer clinical stage
Stage Ⅰ	37	11.7
Stage Ⅱ	34	10.8
Stage Ⅲ	113	35.9
Stage Ⅳ	131	41.6
KPS (scores)			87.9 (5.5)	60–100
Disease course (months)			12.0 (19.7)	1–205
Surgery
No	215	68.3
Yes	100	31.7
Chemotherapy
No	88	27.9
Yes	227	72.1
Radiotherapy
No	231	73.3
Yes	84	26.7
Targeted therapy
No	274	87.0
Yes	41	13.0

Abbreviation: KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status.

Figure 1 Enrollment flow of patients.

Table 2 Univariate analysis of factors in anxiety

Variable	Anxiety, n (%)	Non-anxiety, n (%)	X^2	P
Gender			3.525	0.060
Male	84 (39.8%)	127 (60.2%)
Female	53 (51.0%)	51 (49.0%)
Age (years), mean ± SD	59.9±10.4	64.6±10.0		0.000**
Education level			0.661	0.882
Primary school	16 (40.0%)	24 (60.0%)
Middle school	41 (41.4%)	58 (58.6%)
High school	46 (45.1%)	56 (54.9%)
College and above	34 (45.9%)	40 (54.1%)
Healthcare type			2.593	0.107
Without medical insurance	46 (50.5%)	45 (49.4%)
With medical insurance	91 (40.6%)	133 (59.4%)
Pathological type			6.687	0.083
Adenocarcinoma	62 (41.1%)	89 (58.9%)
Squamous cell carcinoma	18 (33.3%)	36 (66.7%)
Small cell lung cancer	56 (51.4%)	53 (48.6%)
Large cell carcinoma	1 (100.0%)	0 (0.0%)
Cancer clinical stage			7.086	0.069
Stage I	13 (35.1%)	24 (64.9%)
Stage II	9 (26.5%)	25 (73.5%)
Stage III	50 (44.2%)	63 (55.8%)
Stage IV	65 (49.6%)	66 (50.4%)
KPS (scores), mean ± SD	87.7±6.0	88.0±5.1		0.604
Disease course (months), mean ± SD	11.0±16.8	12.8±21.7		0.398
Surgery			6.563	0.010*
No	104 (48.4%)	111 (51.6%)
Yes	33 (33.0%)	67 (67.0%)
Chemotherapy			1.172	0.279
No	34 (38.6%)	54 (61.4%)
Yes	103 (45.4%)	124 (54.6%)
Radiotherapy			4.735	0.030*
No	92 (39.8%)	139 (60.2%)
Yes	45 (53.6%)	39 (46.4%)
Targeted therapy			0.383	0.536
No	121 (44.2%)	153 (55.8%)
Yes	16 (39.0%)	25 (61.0%)

Notes: **P＜0.01, *P＜0.05.

Abbreviation: KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status.

Table 3 Univariate analysis of factors in depression

Variable	Depression, n (%)	Non-depression, n (%)	X^2	P
Gender			3.360	0.067
Male	113 (53.6%)	98 (46.4%)
Female	67 (64.4%)	37 (35.6%)
Age (years), mean ± SD	60.7±10	65.06±10.3		0.000**
Education level			3.038	0.386
Primary school	20 (50%)	20 (50%)
Middle school	59 (59.6%)	40 (40.4%)
High school	54 (52.9%)	48 (47.1%)
College and above	47 (63.5%)	27 (36.5%)
Healthcare type			1.010	0.315
Without medical insurance	56 (61.5%)	35 (38.5%)
With medical insurance	124 (55.4%)	100 (44.6%)
Pathological type			3.876	0.275
Adenocarcinoma	79 (52.3%)	72 (47.7%)
Squamous cell carcinoma	31 (57.4%)	23 (42.6%)
Small cell lung cancer	69 (63.3%)	40 (36.7%)
Large cell carcinoma	1 (100%)	0 (0.0%)
Cancer clinical stage			8.738	0.033*
Stage I	16 (43.2%)	21 (56.8%)
Stage II	14 (41.2%)	20 (58.8%)
Stage III	67 (59.3%)	46 (40.7%)
Stage IV	83 (63.4%)	48 (36.6%)
KPS (scores), mean ± SD	87.7±5.8	88.1±5.1		0.529
Disease course (months), mean ± SD	10.9±16.2	13.5±23.5		0.281
Surgery			7.428	0.006**
No	134 (62.3%)	81 (37.7%)
Yes	46 (46.0%)	54 (54.0%)
Chemotherapy			3.418	0.064
No	43 (48.9%)	45 (51.1%)
Yes	137 (60.4%)	90 (39.6%)
Radiotherapy			3.248	0.072
No	125 (54.1%)	106 (45.9%)
Yes	55 (65.5%)	29 (34.5%)
Targeted therapy			1.346	0.246
No	160 (58.4%)	114 (41.6%)
Yes	20 (48.8%)	21 (51.2%)

Notes: **P＜0.01, *P＜0.05.

Abbreviation: KPS, Karnofsky Performance Status.

Table 4 Multivariate analysis of factors in anxiety and depression

	Odds ratio	95% CI	P
Anxiety model
Surgery (no/yes)	2.253	1.335–3.801	0.002
Age (≥65)			0.003
Age (46–64)	8.535	2.227–32.706	0.002
Age (≤45)	1.677	1.033–2.722	0.036
Depression model
Surgery (no/yes)	2.250	1.360–4.68	0.002
Age (≥65)			0.019
Age (46–64)	4.689	1.231–17.859	0.024
Age (≤45)	1.685	1.042–2.726	0.034