SNHG15: a promising cancer-related long noncoding RNA

Figures & data

Table 1 Functional characterization of SNHG15 in various cancers

Cancer types	Expression	Functional roles	Related genes	Role	References
Breast cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, EMT	MiR-211-3p, E-cadherin, vimentin, MMP2, MMP9, SNAI1	Oncogenic	^Citation21
Colorectal cancer	Upregulated	Migration, EMT, tumor growth	Slug, E-cadherin	Oncogenic	^Citation22,Citation23
Gastric cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, tumorigenesis	MMP2, MMP9	Oncogenic	^Citation20
Glioma	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, angiogenesis	MiR-153, VEGFA, Cdc42	Oncogenic	^Citation24
Lung cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, EMT	MiR-486, miRNA-211-3p, CDK14, BAX, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, PARP, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, MMP-2, MMP-9	Oncogenic	^Citation26^–^Citation28
Osteosarcoma	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, autophagy	MiR-141, Atg5, LC3-II, p62	Oncogenic	^Citation29
Epithelial ovarian cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, drug resistance	—	Oncogenic	^Citation30
Pancreatic cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, tumorigenesis	EZH2, H3K27me3, P15, KLF2, CDK2, CDK4, cleaved caspase-3, cleaved caspase-9	Oncogenic	^Citation31,Citation32
Renal cell cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, EMT	TNF-α, Snail1, Slug, ZEB1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin	Oncogenic	^Citation33
Thyroid cancer	Upregulated	Proliferation, migration, apoptosis, EMT	MiR-200a-3p, YAP1, MST1, LATS1, E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Vimentin, β-catenin	Oncogenic	^Citation34
	Downregulated	Proliferation, migration, invasion	MiR-510-5p	Nononcogenic	^Citation35,Citation36

Abbreviations: EMT, Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; SNAI1, snail family transcriptional repressor 1; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; EZH2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2.

Table 2 Clinical significance of SNHG15 in various cancers

Cancer types	Clinicopathologic features	References
Breast cancer	Tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced TMN stage, poor survival	^Citation21
Colorectal cancer	Liver metastasis, lymph node metastasis, advanced TMN stage, poor overall survival	^Citation22,Citation23
Gastric cancer	Invasion depth, advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, poor overall survival, poor disease-free survival	^Citation20
Hepatocellular cancer	Histological grade, vein invasion, TNM stage, poor survival	^Citation25
Lung cancer	Tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced TMN stage, poor survival	^Citation26^–^Citation28
Epithelial ovarian cancer	Cancer type, ascites, FIGO stage, poor overall survival, poor progression-free survival	^Citation30
Pancreatic cancer	Tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced TMN stage, tumor differentiation, poor overall survival	^Citation31,Citation32
Renal cell cancer	Histological differentiation, advanced T stage, poor survival	^Citation33
Thyroid cancer	Tumor size, lymph node metastasis, advanced TMN stage, poor survival	^Citation34

Abbreviations: TMN, tumor node metastasis; FIGO, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

Figure 1 The molecular mechanisms of SNHG15 in different human cancers.

Abbreviations: SNHG15, small nucleolar RNA host gene 15; MALAT1, metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1; ZFAS1, ZNFX1 antisense RNA 1; ceRNA, competing endogenous RNA; CRC, colorectal cancer; COAD, colon adenocarcinoma; GC, gastric cancer; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer; OS, osteosarcoma; EOC, epithelial ovarian cancer; PC, pancreatic cancer; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; RCC, renal cell carcinoma; EMT, Epithelial to mesenchymal transition; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; SNAI1, snail family transcriptional repressor 1; VEGFA, vascular endothelial growth factor A; CDK, cyclin-dependent kinase; Bax, Bcl-2-associated X protein; Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2; PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase; EZH2, enhancer of zeste homolog 2.

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