A Novel Preoperative Nomogram for Predicting Lymph Node Invasion in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients Without Metastasis

Figures & data

Table 1 Distribution of Independent Variables

Parameter	All Cohort	LNI Group (63 Patients)	Non-LNI Group (311 Patients)
Mean (±SD) age at surgery	53.56(±13.91)	45.86(±19.65)	54.61(±12.27)
Gender
Male	183	24	159
Female	95	12	73
Mean (±SD) BMI (kg/m^2)	24.93(±3.778)	24.79(±3.759)	24.96(±3.790)
Preoperative symptoms	70(25.18%)	20(55.56%)	50(21.55%)
Mean (±SD) largest tumor diameter (cm)	5.038(±3.03)	6.757(±3.721)	4.819(±2.837)
Mean (±SD) lymphocyte count	0.2805(±0.09373)	0.2323(±0.09502)	0.2875(±0.09324)
Mean (±SD) neutrophil count	1.6256(±0.1017)	0.6104(±0.1015)	1.782(±0.1009)
Mean (±SD) monocyte count	0.06637(±0.02008)	0.06477(±0.02146)	0.06650(±0.01983)
Mean (±SD) serum albumin	39.0385(±11.17)	34.02(±11.04)	39.72(±11.99)
Mean (±SD) free calcium	2.868(±0.06162)	1.897(±0.06214)	3.024(±0.06162)
Mean (±SD) hemoglobin	132.3(±22.82)	121.2(±23.59)	133.7(±23.80)
Mean (±SD) platelet	233.2(±75.52)	240.3(±75.42)	239.8(±76.33)
Mean(±SD) serum creatinine	77.03(±23.56)	77.31(±25.06)	76.98(±23.30)
Mean (±SD) alkaline phosphatase	62.13(±36.07)	62.00(±38.51)	75.15(±30.38)
Mean(±SD) lactate dehydrogenase	192.5(±53.75)	171.0(±61.78)	155.5(±51.60)
cT stage
1–2	235	19	216
3–4	43	17	26
cN stage	64	33	31
ECOG PS
1	257	34	223
>1	21	2	19

Note: Age at surgery, gender, BMI, presence of clinical symptoms, the results of routine hematological, serum biochemical analyses and radiological examinations were included as independent variables.

Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis

Parameter	Univariate Analysis		Multivariate Analysis
	OR(95% CI)	p-value	OR(95% CI)	p-value
Age at surgery	0.974(0.956–0.993)	0.00632	0.643(0.421–0.975)	0.0387
Gender	0.912(0.523–1.622)	0.749
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.988(0.907–1.072)	0.775
Symptoms	2.964(1.804–5.540)	0.000142	2.049(1.065–3.924)	0.0305
Largest diameter (cm)	1.128(1.036–1.229)	0.00517
Lymphocyte percent	0.367(0.216–0.613)	0.000155	0.481(0.256–0.894)	0.0217
Monocyte percent	5.344(4.77E-06–3.26E+06)	0.809
Neutrophil count	0.988(0.929–1.013)	0.787
Serum albumin	0.991(0.954–1.017)	0.585
Free calcium	0.998(0.966–1.011)	0.796
Hemoglobin	0.991(0.981–1.003)	0.122
Serum creatinine	0.915(0.988–1.012) 1.0120	0.142
Platelet	1.000(0.997–1.004)	0.851
Alkaline phosphatase	1.982(0.908–4.455)	0.0914
Lactate dehydrogenase	0.957(0.460–2.038)	0.908
cT stage	4.854(2.685–8.780)	1.57E-07	3.034(1.541–5.926)	0.00118
cN stage	9.934(5.387–18.613)	3.32E-13	6.353(3.273–12.456)	5.33E-08
ECOG PS	1.827(0.772–3.988)	0.146

Figure 1 Nomogram depicting the probability of LNI.

Figure 2 Calibration plot depicting the relationship between the predicted and actual probabilities.