Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma: Long-Term Follow-Up from a Large Institution

Figures & data

Figure 1 Representative images of MRI (A&B).

Figure 2 Representative images of UPS stained with hematoxylin and eosin: (A) 100x; (B) 200x; (C) 400x.

Table 1 Patient Characteristics

Variable	Total (N)	Primary (N)	Recurrent (N)
Gender
Male	60	33	27
Female	40	19	21
Age (years)
≤60	52	36	16
>60	48	16	32
Tumor location
Extremities	55	27	28
Trunk	35	17	18
Retroperitoneum	9	7	2
Left atrium	1	1	0
Tumor size
T1 (≤5cm)	49	31	18
T2 (>5cm)	51	21	30
Tumor grade
G2	45	24	21
G3	55	28	27
Resection quality
R0	72	41	31
R1/R2	28	11	17
Tumor depth
Superficial	51	29	22
Deep	49	23	26
AJCC stage
II	46	29	17
III/IV	54	23	31
Bone, vessel or nerve involved
Yes	27	11	16
No	73	41	32
Postoperative chemotherapy
Yes	12	8	4
No	88	44	44
Postoperative radiotherapy
Yes	20	9	11
No	80	43	37

Table 2 Factors Influencing OS in Univariate Analysis and Multivariate Analysis

Overall Survival (OS)
Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value
Gender (male vs. female)	1.178 (0.6925–2.006)	0.5496
Age (>60 years vs. ≤60 years)	1.639 (0.9682–2.776)	0.0634
Tumor location (trunk vs. extremities)	1.078 (0.6347–1.83)	0.7800
Presentation type (recurrent vs. primary)	2.147 (1.263–3.652)	0.0039	1.821 (1.050–3.157)	0.033
Tumor size (T2 vs. T1)	2.552 (1.493–4.36)	0.0004	2.254 (1.290–3.938)	0.004
Tumor depth (deep vs. superficial)	1.894 (1.116–3.214)	0.0160		0.705
Resection quality (R1/R2 vs. R0)	1.966 (1.072–3.608)	0.0112		0.227
FNCLCC grade (G3 vs. G2)	0.9386 (0.5514–1.598)	0.8132
AJCC stage (III/IV vs. II)	2.202 (1.297–3.736)	0.0030		0.241
Bone, vessel or nerve involved (no vs. yes)	0.4809 (0.2531–0.914)	0.0068	1.836 (1.050–3.210)	0.033
Postoperative chemotherapy (no vs. yes)	1.135 (0.5327–2.416)	0.7536
Postoperative radiotherapy (no vs. yes)	1.819 (0.9787–3.381)	0.1092

Table 3 Factors Influencing LRFS in Univariate Analysis and Multivariate Analysis

Local Recurrence-Free Survival (LRFS)
Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value
Gender (male vs. female)	0.9037 (0.4801–1.701)	0.7497
Age (>60 years vs. ≤60 years)	1.914 (1.025–3.575)	0.0383	2.005 (1.058–3.801)	0.033
Tumor location (trunk vs. extremities)	0.9831 (0.5276–1.832)	0.9569
Presentation type (recurrent vs. primary)	1.888 (1.007–3.54)	0.0396		0.477
Tumor size (T2 vs. T1)	1.221 (0.6547–2.275)	0.5211
Tumor depth (deep vs. superficial)	1.219 (0.6537–2.272)	0.5265
Resection quality (R1/R2 vs. R0)	1.953 (0.9588–3.979)	0.0328	1.920 (1.014–3.638)	0.045
FNCLCC grade (G3 vs. G2)	2.55 (1.369–4.748)	0.0072	2.717 (1.322–5.585)	0.007
AJCC stage (III/IV vs. II)	1.027 (0.5524–1.908)	0.9327
Bone, vessel or nerve involved (yes vs. no)	1.362 (0.6429–2.886)	0.3729
Postoperative chemotherapy (no vs. yes)	0.6899 (0.2726–1.746)	0.3664
Postoperative radiotherapy (no vs. yes)	1.226 (0.5901–2.548)	0.6011

Table 4 Factors Influencing MFS in Univariate Analysis and Multivariate Analysis

Metastasis-Free Survival (MFS)
Variable	Univariate		Multivariate
	HR (95% CI)	P Value	HR (95% CI)	P Value
Gender (male vs. female)	0.8004 (0.366–1.75)	0.5693
Age (>60 years vs. ≤60 years)	0.7124 (0.3297–1.539)	0.3959
Tumor location (trunk vs. extremities)	1.19 (0.5461–2.594)	0.6566
Presentation type (recurrent vs. primary)	1.163 (0.5342–2.531)	0.6991
Tumor size (T2 vs. T1)	2.074 (0.9453–4.55)	0.0570		0.210
Tumor depth (deep vs. superficial)	2.192 (1.006–4.773)	0.0438	2.219 (1.000–4.921)	0.050
Resection quality (R1/R2 vs. R0)	1.07 (0.4435–2.581)	0.8777
FNCLCC grade (G3 vs. G2)	0.9992 (0.4589–2.175)	0.9983
AJCC stage (III/IV vs. II)	2.087 (0.9608–4.532)	0.0587		0.170
Bone, vessel or nerve involved (yes vs. no)	1.616 (0.6347–4.114)	0.2506
Postoperative chemotherapy (no vs. yes)	1.209 (0.3943–3.708)	0.7560
Postoperative radiotherapy (no vs. yes)	0.8477 (0.3438–2.091)	0.7072

Figure 3 (A) Survival outcome according to the presentation type of tumor for OS; (B) survival outcome according to tumor size for OS; and (C) survival outcome according to important structures involved or not for OS.

Figure 4 (A) Survival outcome according to the extent of resection for LRFS; (B) survival outcome according to tumor grade for LRFS; and (C) survival outcome according to tumor depth for MFS.