Prognostic Significance of CDH1, FN1 and VIM for Early Recurrence in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastasis After Liver Resection

Figures & data

Table 1 Patients’ Characteristics

	Study Patients (n=30)
Age (years), median (range)	67.5 (24–82)
Sex, n (%)
Male	16 (53.3)
Female	14 (46.7)
Primary cancer data, n (%)
Site
Colon	13 (43.3)
Rectum	17 (56.7)
T stage
T1-2	1 (3.3)
T3-4	29 (96.7)
N stage
N0	8 (26.7)
N1-2	22 (73.3)
Duke’s classification
A-B	3 (10)
C-D	27 (90)
Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy	5 (16.7)
Adjuvant chemotherapy	5 (16.7)
Colorectal liver metastases, n (%)
Number
≤3	19 (63.3)
>3	11 (36.7)
Lobar distribution
Unilobar	15 (50)
Bilobar	15 (50)
Maximum diameter (mm)
≤50	23 (76.7)
>50	7 (23.3)
Time of diagnosis
Synchronous	22 (73.3)
Metachronous	8 (26.7)
Preoperative chemotherapy	15 (50)
Histologic grade
Well differentiated (G1)	15 (50)
Moderately differentiated (G2)	15 (50)
CEA (ng/mL), median (range)	27.5 (2–704)
CA 19–9 (IU/mL), median (range)	37.5 (2–12,999)

Abbreviations: CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; CA 19–9, carbohydrate antigen.

Figure 1 Expression of FN1 and VIM is decreased in colorectal liver metastasis when compared with non-tumor liver tissue, while expression of CDH1 is similar. Expression of CDH1 (A), FN1 (B) and VIM (C) in CRLM and surrounding non-tumor liver tissue measured by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as average ΔCt values (median with range). **P <0.01; ***P <0.001.

Figure 2 Expression of CDH1 and VIM in CRLM does not correlate with their expression in serum. Scatterplot represents correlation of CDH1 (A) and VIM (B) expression in CRLM and serum, while the straight line represents linear regression model. r in (A), Spearman’s coefficient; r in (B), Pearson’s coefficient.

Figure 3 Decreased CDH1 expression in CRLM and decreased VIM expression in serum was associated with one-year recurrence following liver resection. Kaplan–Meier curves of one-year recurrence-free survival for low- and high- CDH1, FN1 and VIM groups based on CRLM and serum expression. CRLM, colorectal liver metastases.

Table 2 Univariate Analysis of Potential Prognostic Factors Related to Early Recurrence After Liver Resection for Colorectal Liver Metastases

	Recurrence n=14 (46.7%)	No Recurrence n=16 (53.3%)	P value
Age (˃65 years)	9 (64.3)	9 (56.3)	0.722
Sex (female)	7 (50)	7 (43.8)	1
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy	6 (42.9)	9 (56.3)	0.715
Synchronous presentation	12 (85.7)	10 (62.5)	0.226
Bilobar distribution	7 (50)	8 (50)	1
Multiple metastases	9 (64.3)	9 (56.3)	0.722
Number of metastases (≥3)	4 (28.6)	7 (43.8)	0.466
Tumor size (≥50mm)	3 (21.4)	4 (25)	1
Histologic grade (G2)	9 (64.3)	6 (37.5)	0.272
Residual status (R1)	9 (64.3)	11 (68.8)	1
CDH1 level in CRLM, median (range)	−3.81 (−7.39- −0.94)	−2.24 (−3.38- −0.81)	0.041
CDH1 level in serum, median (range)	−3.50 (−10.48- −1.82)	−4.30 (−10.39- −0.56)	0.973
VIM level in CRLM, median (range)	−1.84 (−5.28–2.59)	−1.22 (−3.42–0.28)	0.467
VIM level in serum, median (range)	−1.09 (−2.64- −0.14)	−0.71 (−2.48–2)	0.345
FN1 level in CRLM, median (range)	−0.26 (−3.25–2.03)	−0.95 (−6.05–1.79)	0.191

Abbreviation: CRLM, colorectal liver metastases.