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Original Research

Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction Surgery versus Conventional Laparoscopic-Assisted Resection in the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer: A Propensity-Score Matching Study

ORCID Icon, , ORCID Icon, , , , , , , , , , ORCID Icon & show all
Pages 2247-2257 | Published online: 09 Mar 2021

Figures & data

Figure 1 Specimen removal and gastrointestinal reconstruction of low rectal cancer in NOSES group. (A) Cut and closed sigmoid colon. (B) The specimen was pulled out of the body through the anus. (C) Cut through the rectal wall. (D) Sent the nail base into the pelvic cavity through the anus. (E) The specimen was resected by means of kaito. (F) Cut the wall of sigmoid colon and sterilize it. (G) The nail base was placed into the proximal sigmoid colon. (H) Closed sigmoid wall. (I) Removed the connecting rod of the nail seat. (J) An end-to-end anastomosis was performed. (K) Bilateral drainage tube was inserted. (L) Postoperative abdominal wall of the patient.

Figure 1 Specimen removal and gastrointestinal reconstruction of low rectal cancer in NOSES group. (A) Cut and closed sigmoid colon. (B) The specimen was pulled out of the body through the anus. (C) Cut through the rectal wall. (D) Sent the nail base into the pelvic cavity through the anus. (E) The specimen was resected by means of kaito. (F) Cut the wall of sigmoid colon and sterilize it. (G) The nail base was placed into the proximal sigmoid colon. (H) Closed sigmoid wall. (I) Removed the connecting rod of the nail seat. (J) An end-to-end anastomosis was performed. (K) Bilateral drainage tube was inserted. (L) Postoperative abdominal wall of the patient.

Table 1 Baseline Information for Two Groups of Patients

Table 2 Comparison of Postoperative Conditions Between the Two Groups

Figure 2 Comparison of ASA scores between two groups of patients after operation. The P-value was calculated by repeated measures statistical analysis.

Abbreviations: LA, laparoscopy group; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.
Figure 2 Comparison of ASA scores between two groups of patients after operation. The P-value was calculated by repeated measures statistical analysis.

Table 3 Postoperative Wexner Scores in Both Groups

Figure 3 Comparison of standard scores of body image scales and cosmetic scales between two groups. ***P<0.001.

Abbreviations: LA, laparoscopy group; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group.
Figure 3 Comparison of standard scores of body image scales and cosmetic scales between two groups. ***P<0.001.

Figure 4 Comparison of EORCT Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 results between the two groups. The results of the questionnaire were presented by a functional scale (A) and a symptom scale (B). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Abbreviations: LA, laparoscopy group; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group.
Figure 4 Comparison of EORCT Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 results between the two groups. The results of the questionnaire were presented by a functional scale (A) and a symptom scale (B). *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001.

Figure 5 Comparison of postoperative Wexner scores between the two groups.

Abbreviations: LA, laparoscopy group; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group; ns, no significant difference.
Figure 5 Comparison of postoperative Wexner scores between the two groups.

Figure 6 Kaplan–Meier curves comparing the differences between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival (A) and overall survival (B). P-value is calculated by Log rank test.

Abbreviations: LA, laparoscopy group; NOSES, natural orifice specimen extraction surgery group.
Figure 6 Kaplan–Meier curves comparing the differences between the two groups in terms of disease-free survival (A) and overall survival (B). P-value is calculated by Log rank test.