Lymph-Vascular Space Invasion in Patients with Stages IA2-IIA2 Cervical Cancer Treated with Laparoscopic versus Open Radical Hysterectomy

Figures & data

Table 1 The Characteristics of the Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic versus Open Radical Hysterectomy

	LRH		ORH		P value
	n	%	n	%
Age (years)	47.02±8.70		49.53±9.32		0.211
IA2	4	2.70	10	1.06
IB1	72	48.65	396	42.17
IB2	9	6.08	136	14.48
IIA1	41	27.70	216	23.00
IIA2	22	14.86	181	19.28
Total	148		939

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Table 2 Lymph-Vascular Space Invasion (LVSI) According to Clinical Stage in Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic or Open Radical Hysterectomy

LRH/ORH	FIGO Stage	LVSI (-)		LVSI (+)		Total		P value
			%		%		%
	IA2	2/6	1.35/0.64	2/4	1.35/0.43	4/10	2.70/1.06	0.18
	IB1	52/252	35.14/26.84	20/144	13.51/15.34	72/396	48.65/42.17
	IB2	6/93	4.05/9.90	3/43	2.03/4.58	9/136	6.08/14.48
	IIA1	34/152	22.97/16.19	7/64	4.73/6.82	41/216	27.70/23.00
	IIA2	7/124	4.73/13.21	15/57	10.14/6.07	22/181	14.86/19.28
	Total	101/627	68.24/66.77	47/312	31.76/33.23	148/939	100/100

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Table 3 Lymph-Vascular Space Invasion According to Size of Cervical Cancer Lesion in Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic versus Open Radical Hysterectomy

		LVSI (−)		LVSI (+)		Total	P value
			%		%
LRH/ORH	Cervical cancer lesions≤4cm	88/410	75.21/65.92	29/212	24.79/34.08	117/622	0.053
	Cervical cancer lesions >4 cm	13/217	41.94/68.45	18/100	58.06/31.55	31/317	0.005
LRH/ORH	Cervical cancer lesions≤2cm	51/212	71.83/64.24	20/118	28.17/35.76	71/330	0.271
	Cervical cancer lesions>2 cm	50/415	64.94/68.14	27/194	35.06/31.86	77/609	0.605
LRH/ORH (stage IB1)	Cervical cancer lesions≤2cm	24/101	70.59/65.16	10/54	29.41/34.84	34/155	0.690
	Cervical cancer lesions 2~4cm	28/151	73.68/62.66	10/90	26.32/37.34	38/241	0.207

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Table 4 Lymph-Vascular Space Invasion in Cervical Carcinoma Patients with Lymph Node Metastases Who Underwent Laparoscopic versus Open Radical Hysterectomy

		LVSI (−)		LVSI (+)		Total	P value
			%		%
LRH/ORH	Lymph node metastatic carcinoma	10/89	43.48/47.34	13/99	56.52/52.66	23/188	0.826
	No	91/538	72.80/71.64	34/213	27.20/28.36	125/751	0.831
LRH/ORH	Aortic lymph node metastasis	0/5	0/33.33	1/10	100/66.67	1/15	1.000
	No	28/220	66.67/72.61	14/83	33.33/27.39	42/303	0.465

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Table 5 Lymph-Vascular Space Invasion According to Interstitial Infiltration Depth and Differentiation in Patients Who Underwent Laparoscopic versus Open Radical Hysterectomy

		LVSI (−)		LVSI (+)		Total	P value
			%		%
LRH/ORH	Interstitial infiltration depth ≤1/2 cm	42/203	70.00/69.76	18/88	30.00/30.24	60/291	0.812
	Interstitial infiltration depth >1/2 cm	59/424	67.05/65.43	29/224	32.95/34.57	88/648	1.000
LRH/ORH	High differentiation	5/40	55.56/78.43	4/11	44.44/21.57	9/51	0.208
	Moderate differentiation	81/533	70.43/66.79	34/265	29.57/33.21	115/798	0.459
	Low differentiation	15/54	62.50/60.00	9/36	37.5/40.00	24/90	1.000

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Table 6 The Follow-Up Cases of the Two Groups from 2013 to 2016

LRH/ORH	FIGO Stage	LVSI (−)		LVSI (+)		Total	LVSI (−)		LVSI (+)
			%		%		Recurrence	Death	Recurrence	Death
	IA2	2/4	2.17/0.64	1/3	1.09/0.48	3/7	0/0	0/0	0/0	0/0
	IB1	32/167	34.78/26.81	13/81	14.13/13.00	45/248	0/2	0/0	1/2	0/1
	IB2	3/69	3.26/11.08	2/15	2.17/2.41	5/84	0/1	0/0	1/3	0/0
	IIA1	18/113	19.57/18.14	4/44	4.35/7.06	22/157	1/1	1/1	1/4	0/2
	IIA2	4/94	4.35/15.09	13/33	14.13/5.30	17/127	1/3	0/1	0/1	0/0
	Total	59/447	64.13/71.75	33/176	35.87/28.25	92/623	2/7	1/2	3/10	0/3

Abbreviations: LRH, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy; ORH, open radical hysterectomy.

Figure 1 Survival outcomes of the followed up patients. (A) Overall survival (OS) curves of the lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) negative versus positive patients. (B) Disease-free survival (DFS) curves of the LVSI negative versus positive patients. (C) OS curves of the patients in the laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) group versus open radical hysterectomy (ORH) group. (D) DFS curves of the patients in the LRH group versus ORH group.