Influence of CDK5 Regulatory Subunit-Associated Protein 1-Like 1 Expression on the Survival of Patients with Non-Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Figures & data

Figure 1 A typical case with positive CDKAL1 expression (A) and a typical case with negative CDKAL1 expression (B). Scale bar = 90 μm; magnification ×400.

Table 1 Comparison of Clinical Characteristics Between the CDKAL1-Negative Group and the CDKAL1-Positive Group

	CDKAL1-Negative Group (n = 53)	CDKAL1-Positive Group (n = 87)	p-value
Age	47.9±12.1	47.3±11.1	0.765
<45 y	23	35	0.712
≥45 y	30	52
Gender			0.409
Male	40	60
Female	13	27
Clinical stage			0.025
II	2	15
III	14	28
IV	37	44
T
T1-T2	3	20	0.007
T3-T4	50	67
N			0.279
N0/N1	18	38
N2/N3	35	49
Chemotherapy			0.450
No	4	10
Yes	49	77
Anti-EGFR targeted therapy			0.057
No	43	80
Yes	10	7
Prescription dose of PGTVnx			1.000
<70.4 Gy	4	7
≥70.4 Gy	49	80
IHC score	1.36±1.13	2.20±1.12	0.000

Abbreviations: PGTVnx, the planning target volume of the gross tumor volume of nasopharynx pharynx; IHC, Immunohistochemistry.

Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Prognostic Factors for OS

	HR	95% CI		p-value
		Lower	Upper
Univariate analysis (n = 140)
Age (<45y vs ≥45y)	1.290	0.618	2.691	0.498
Gender (male vs female)	1.044	0.480	2.268	0.914
CDKAL1 expression (negative vs positive)	3.506	1.346	9.137	0.010
Clinical stage	1.918	0.996	3.691	0.051
Chemotherapy	1.757	0.419	7.367	0.441
Anti-EGFR targeted therapy	1.895	0.777	4.620	0.160
Prescription dose of PGTVnx (<70.4 Gy vs ≥70.4 Gy)	2.980	0.406	21.885	0.283
T (T3-T4 vs T1-T2)	1.738	0.528	5.719	0.363
N (N2-N3 vs N0-N1)	1.661	0.764	3.610	0.200
Multivariate analysis (n = 140)
CDKAL1 expression (positive vs negative)	4.622	1.748	12.221	0.002
Clinical stage	2.263	0.885	5.785	0.088
Chemotherapy	1.356	0.305	6.039	0.689
Anti-EGFR targeted therapy	2.029	0.798	5.160	0.137
T (T3-T4 vs T1-T2)	0.658	0.126	3.428	0.619
N (N2-N3 vs N0-N1)	1.282	0.572	2.877	0.546

Abbreviations: OS, overall survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PGTVnx, the planning target volume of the gross tumor volume of nas.

Figure 2 Kaplan–Meier curves of OS (A) and PFS (B) of all patients.

Figure 3 Kaplan-Meier curves of OS (A) and PFS (B) of the CDKAL1-negative group (red) and the CDKAL1-positive group (black).

Table 3 Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Prognostic Factors for PFS

	HR	95% CI		p-value
		Lower	Upper
Univariate analysis (n = 140)
Age (<45y vs.≥45y)	1.144	0.640	2.045	0.650
Gender (male vs female)	0.742	0.387	1.424	0.369
CDKAL1 expression (negative vs positive)	1.401	0.771	2.546	0.269
Clinical stage	1.758	1.077	2.869	0.024
Chemotherapy	1.415	0.509	3.934	0.506
Anti-EGFR targeted therapy	1.805	0.876	3.722	0.109
Prescription dose of PGTVnx (<70.4 Gy vs ≥70.4 Gy)	2.435	0.591	10.037	0.218
T (T3-T4 vs T1-T2)	2.276	0.818	6.331	0.115
N (N2-N3 vs N0-N1)	1.688	0.919	3.100	0.092
Multivariate analysis (n = 140)
CDKAL1 expression (positive vs negative)	1.903	1.020	3.551	0.043
Clinical stage	1.686	0.849	3.349	0.136
Chemotherapy	1.160	0.390	3.436	0.789
Anti-EGFR targeted therapy	1.779	0.811	3.900	0.151
T (T3-T4 vs T1-T2)	1.098	0.285	4.241	0.892
N (N2-N3 vs N0-N1)	1.310	0.688	2.492	0.411

Abbreviations: PFS, progression-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; PGTVnx, the planning target volume of the gross tumor volume of nasopharynx.