Effect of Ultrasound-Guided Quadratus Lumborum Block Preemptive Analgesia on Postoperative Recovery of Patients with Open Radical Colon Cancer Surgery: A Retrospective Study

Figures & data

Figure 1 The ultrasound view of the QLB3. Medicine: drug solution. The arrow denotes the puncture path of the needle. Compared with left picture, the psoas muscle in right picture is pressed down by the drug solution.

Abbreviations: QL, quadratus lumborum; PM, psoas major muscle; L3 TP, the third lumbar transverse process.

Table 1 Comparison of Demographic Data and Characteristics in the Two Groups

Indicators	Group Q (n=27)	Group C (n=29)	P
Gender (male/female, case)	17/10	21/8	0.45
Age (years)	51.6 ± 5.9	52.2 ± 3.5	0.64
Weight (kg)	63.5 ± 8.2	64.2 ± 8.6	0.52
BMI (kg/m^2)	21.7 ± 0.9	21.3 ± 1.5	0.18
ASA grade (II/III, case)	10/17	10/19	0.84
Preoperative albumin level (g/L)	40.2 ± 6.2	38.3 ± 6.1	0.25
Preoperative hemoglobin level (g/L)	123.2 ± 18.9	125.2 ± 20.6	0.70
Lesion site (AC/DC/SC, case)	3/9/15	1/12/16	0.55
Type of colectomy (left/right/sigmoid, case)	3/9/15	1/12/16	0.55
Anesthesia time (min)	184.5 ± 18.0	187.5 ± 19.4	0.56
Surgery time (min)	167.0 ± 13.5	173.5 ± 23.4	0.21
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	189.6 ± 36.4	202.4 ± 46.3	0.26
Intraoperative fluid replacement (mL)	1775.9 ±303.2	1878.6 ± 384.5	0.27
Urine volume (mL)	410.7 ± 36.3	396.6 ± 27.3	0.11
Removal time of drainage (day)	5.7±1.5	6.5±1.7	0.09

Notes: Data are presented as the mean ± SD or number; Continuous data were compared by Student’s t-test or repeated-measures analysis of variance; categorical data were compared by Fisher’s exact test; ranked data were compared by Mann–Whitney U-test.

Abbreviations: BMI, Body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists; AC, ascending colon; DC, descending colon; SC, sigmoid colon; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Comparison of Adverse Reactions After Operation (Case)

Indicators	Group Q (n=27)	Group C (n=29)	P
Drowsiness	1(3.7%)	2(6.9%)	0.09
Nausea	2(7.4%)	5(17.2%)	0.42
Vomiting	1(3.7%)	3(10.3%)	0.61
Itching	1(3.7%)	2(6.9%)	1.00
Urinary retention	0(0%)	3(10.3%)	0.24
Respiratory depression	0(0%)	1(3.4%)	1.00
Bradycardia	0(0%)	1(3.4%)	1.00
Hypotension	0	0	—

Notes: Data are expressed as number (percentage); Categorical data were compared by Fisher’s exact test.

Figure 2 Comparison of postoperative pain scores in the two groups. The VAS scores of rest pain (A) and active pain (B) in the both groups at 0 h (T1), 12 h (T2), 24 h (T3) and 48 h (T4) after surgery. Data represent the mean ± SD, compared with Group C, *P<0.01. Data were compared by Mann–Whitney U-test.

Abbreviation: VAS, visual analog scores.

Figure 3 Comparison of postoperative recovery in the two groups. The first time of getting up (A), The first time of flatus (B), The first time of intake semi-liquid diet (C), Postoperative hospital stay (D). Data represent the mean ± SD, compared with Group C, *P<0.01. Continuous data were compared by Student’s t-test.

Figure 4 Comparison of analgesic drugs dosage in the two groups. Intraoperative sufentanil dosage (A), Postoperative sufentanil dosage (B), Remifentanil dosage (C). Data represent the mean ± SD, compared with Group C, *P<0.05. Continuous data were compared by Student’s t-test.