Women’s Satisfaction with Cervical Cancer Screening Services and Associated Factors in Maternal Health Clinics of Jimma Town Public Health Facilities, Southwest Ethiopia

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of Women at Public Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Frequency (N=205)	Percent (%)
Age in years
30–34	99	48
35–39	75	37
40–44	21	10
45–49	10	5
Marital status
Married	161	78
Divorced or separated	26	13
Widowed	18	9
Religion
Muslim	107	52
Orthodox or catholic	65	32
Protestant	33	16
Educational status
No education	16	8
Primary	39	19
Secondary	78	38
Tertiary	72	35
Occupation
Housewife	105	53
Merchant	27	14
Daily laborer	13	6
Government employee	60	30
Residence
Urban	157	77
Rural	48	23
Ever given birth	200	98
Number of living children
0–1 child	43	21
2–4 children	126	61
5 and above children	36	18
Lifetime number of sexual partners
One partner	125	61
Two and more partners	80	39
Mean age at first sexual intercourse in years (Mean ± SD)	17.96±2.34
Age at first sexual intercourse
<20 years	149	73
20 years and above	56	27
Average monthly earnings in Ethiopia Birr (ETB) (Mean ± SD)	3578.8±2347.8
Ever tested for HIV	172	84
Lifetime history of sexually transmitted infections (STI)	70	34
Family history of cervical cancer	24	12
Ever used any modern contraceptive methods	148	72
Types of contraceptives used (N=148)
Oral contraceptive	17	12
Injectable	67	45
Implant	49	33
Intra-uterine contraceptive device (IUCD)	15	10
Ever heard about cervical cancer	171	83
Source of cervical cancer information (N=171)
Radio	22	13
Television	55	32
Health professional	73	43
Relative	21	12
Mechanisms of health facility visit
On foot	44	21
Taxi	101	49
Private vehicle	25	12
Bajaj	8	4
Other	27	13
Average distance to health facility
<10 Kilometers	110	54
≥ 10 Kilometers	95	46
Perceived length of waiting time to get medical records at medical record unit
Long	69	34
Medium	110	54
Short	26	13
Average length of waiting time to see a provider in minutes (Mean ±SD)	24.84±20.35
Perceived length of waiting time to see provider
Long	112	55
Medium	65	32
Short	28	14
Perceived length of consultation time with the provider
Long	52	25
Medium	122	59
Short	31	15
Received health education on cervical cancer screening services	183	89

Table 2 Knowledge of Women of the Risk Factors and Symptoms of Cervical Cancer at Public Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

Knowledge Items	Frequency (N=205)	Percent (%) (95% Confidence Interval)
Cervical cancer is preventable	35	17(12–23)
Risk factors
Having many/multiple sexual partners is a risk factor for cervical cancer	89	43(37–50)
Having a previous family history is a risk to cervical cancer	85	41(35–48)
Smoking is a risk factor for cervical cancer	48	23(18–30)
Sexually transmitted infections is a risk factor for cervical cancer	62	30(24–37)
Oral contraceptive pill (OCP) use is a risk factor for cervical cancer	43	21(16–27)
Early sexual intercourse is a risk factor for cervical cancer	73	36(29–42)
Symptoms
Cervical cancer has no symptoms	64	31(25–38)
Vaginal bleeding is a symptom of cervical cancer	61	30(24–36)
Post-coital vaginal bleeding is a symptom of cervical cancer	35	17(12–23)
Foul offensive vaginal discharge is a symptom of cervical cancer	58	28(22–35)
Painful coitus is a symptom of cervical cancer	34	17(12–22)
Irregular vaginal bleeding is a symptom of cervical cancer	46	22(17–29)
Fever is a symptom of cervical cancer	23	11(7–16)
Pelvic pain is a symptom of cervical cancer	131	64(57–70)
Weight loss is a symptom of cervical cancer	56	27(22–34)
Overall knowledge
Good comprehensive knowledge	117	57(50–64)
Poor comprehensive knowledge	88	43(36–50)

Table 3 Attitude of Women toward Cervical Cancer and Screening Services at Public Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

Attitude Items	Frequency (N=205)	Percent (%) (95% Confidence Interval)
My chance of getting cervical cancer in the next few years is high	83	40(34–47)
I feel I will get cervical cancer sometime during my life	70	34(28–41)
The thought of cervical cancer scares me	99	48(42–55)
Problems I would experience with cervical cancer would last a long time	95	46(40–53)
Cervical cancer would threaten a relationship with my boyfriend, husband or partner	122	59(53–66)
If I developed cervical cancer, I would not live longer than 5 years	99	48(42–55)
Having cervical cancer exams takes too much time	97	47(41–54)
Having cervical cancer exam is too painful	122	59(53–66)
Health care workers doing cervical cancer exams are rude to women	82	40(34–47)
I have other problems more important than having cervical cancer exams in my life	91	44(38–51)
I am too old to have cervical cancer exams regularly	131	64(57–70)
There is no health care center close to my house to have cervical cancer exams	107	52(45–59)
I prefer a female health worker to conduct cervical cancer exams	114	56(49–62)
I would be ashamed to sit or lie down on a gynecologic examination table and show my private parts during cervical cancer exams	102	50(43–57)
Overall attitude
Favorable attitude	121	59(52–66)
Unfavorable attitude	84	41(34–48)

Table 4 Satisfaction of Women with Cervical Cancer Screening Services at the Public Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Frequency (N=205)	Percent (%) (95% Confidence Interval)	Mean±SD
Satisfaction with –
Clarity of the explanation given by provider on screening services for cervical cancer	134	65(59–72)	3.3±1.2
Cleanliness of the cervical cancer service room	91	44(38–51)	3.1±1.2
Visual privacy during examination	106	52(45–59)	3.3±1.2
Auditory privacy during the discussion time	91	44(38–51)	3.3±0.9
Waiting time to see a provider	83	40(34–47)	3.2±1.2
Length of consultation time	110	54(47–60)	3.4±1.2
Respect shown by health care providers during interactions or discussing problems/concerns about cervical cancer	141	69(62–75)	3.8±1.0
Overall services provided	135	66(59–72)	3.4±1.2
Explanation given by providers about treatment	125	61(54–68)	3.5±1.2
VIA screening test experience	123	60(53–67)	3.3±1.4
Service hours and days of screening unit	132	64(58–71)	3.6±1.3
Having cryotherapy at the same site as VIA	164	80(74–85)	3.8±1.0
Women want to/are willing to –
Continue the treatment if VIA positive	169	82(77–87)
Recommend that relatives and others should attend screening services in the same facility	197	96(93–98)
Women’s satisfaction with cervical cancer screening services
Satisfied	83	41 (34–47)
Dissatisfied	122	59 (53–66)

Table 5 Factors Associated with Women’s Satisfaction with Cervical Cancer Screening Services at Public Health Facilities of Jimma Town, Southwest Ethiopia, 2020

Variables	Satisfied (n, %)	Dissatisfied (n,%)	COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
Age in years
30–34	38(46)	61(50)	Ref
35–39	36(43)	39(32)	0.75(0.41–1.37)
40–44	5(6)	16(13)	1.54(0.57–4.14)
45–49	4(5)	6(5)	0.77(0.21–2.82)
Marital status
Married	63(76)	98(80)	Ref	Ref
Divorced/separated	14(17)	12(10)	0.58(0.25–1.34)*	1.13(0.39–3.31)
Widowed	6(7)	12(10)	1.24(0.46–3.36)	0.88(0.26–3.02)
Educational status
No education	4(5)	12(10)	Ref	Ref
Primary	16(19)	23(19)	0.35(0.09–1.28)*	0.69(0.15–3.23)
Secondary	30(36)	48(39)	0.43(0.13–1.46)*	0.54(0.14–2.17)
Tertiary	33(40)	39(32)	0.33(0.09–1.13)*	0.32(0.06–1.60)
Occupational status
Housewife	35(42)	70(57)	Ref	Ref
Merchant	14(17)	13(11)	0.51(0.22–1.20)*	0.26(0.09–0.79)**
Daily laborer	9(11)	4(3)	0.26(0.05–1.38)*	0.19(0.03–1.26)
Government employee	25(30)	35(29)	0.73(0.39–1.39)	0.73(0.26–2.10)
Religion
Muslim	51(61)	56(46)	Ref	Ref
Orthodox or catholic	24(29)	41(34)	1.27(0.68–2.35)	2.00(0.90–4.45)
Protestant	8(10)	25(20)	2.34(1.02–5.39)*	3.04(1.09–8.51)**
Number of pregnancies
0–1	16(19)	27(22)	Ref
2–4	53(64)	73(60)	1.09(0.54–2.18)
5 and above	14(17)	22(18)	0.97(0.40–2.36)
Lifetime number of sexual partners
1	48(58)	77(63)	Ref
2 and more	35(42)	45(37)	0.87(0.49–1.53)
Age at first sexual intercourse
<20 years	65(78)	84(69)	Ref	Ref
20 and above years	18(22)	38(31)	1.56(0.83–2.92)*	1.64(0.76–3.52)
Ever tested for HIV
No	13(16)	20(16)	Ref
Yes	70(84)	102(84)	0.87(0.41–1.84)
Lifetime history of STI
No	57(69)	78(64)	Ref
Yes	26(31)	44(36)	1.27(0.71–2.28)
Family history of cervical cancer
No	72(87)	109(89)	Ref
Yes	11(13)	13(11)	0.81(0.35–1.89)
Ever used any modern family contraceptive method
No	22(27)	35(29)	Ref
Yes	61(73)	87(71)	0.92(0.49–1.70)
Ever heard about cervical cancer
No	9(11)	25(20)	Ref	Ref
Yes	74(89)	97(80)	0.52(0.24–1.13)*	0.53(0.22–1.29)
Distance from health facility
<10 Kilometers	67(81)	94(77)	Ref	Ref
≥10 Kilometers	16(19)	28(23)	1.60(0.81–3.19)*	1.75(0.72–4.24)
Perceived length of waiting time to get medical records at Medical Record Unit
Long	24(29)	45(37)	Ref	Ref
Medium	45(54)	65(53)	0.79(0.43–1.45)	0.66(0.32–1.37)
Short	14(17)	12(10)	0.59(0.24–1.45)*	0.36(0.12–1.03)
Perceived length of waiting time to see care provider
Long	54(65)	58(47)	Ref	Ref
Medium	24(29)	41(34)	2.18(1.16–4.10)*	2.90(1.36–6.20)**
Short	5(6)	23(19)	2.53(1.05–6.06)*	1.47(0.51–4.19)
Perceived length of consultation time with care provider
Long	28(34)	24(20)	Ref	Ref
Medium	47(57)	75(61)	1.89(0.98–3.66)*	1.55(0.69–3.46)
Short	8(9)	23(19)	2.16(0.87–5.36)*	2.73(0.85–8.71)
Received health education on CC
No	9(11)	13(11)	Ref
Yes	74(89)	109(89)	1.23(0.51–2.99)
Knowledge on CC
Good	54(65)	63(52)	0.57(0.32–1.00)*	0.47(0.23–0.97)**
Poor	29(35)	59(48)	Ref	Ref
Attitude on CC
Favorable	52(63)	69(57)	0.84(0.48–1.48)
Unfavorable	31(37)	53(43)	Ref

Notes: *Candidate variable for multiple variable logistic regression at P-value<0.25. **Statistically significant at P-value<0.05 after adjusted for other variables.

Abbreviations: COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CC, cervical cancer; Ref, reference category; STI, sexually transmitted infections; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus.