Anemia is a Prognostic Factor for Overall Survival Rate in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

Figures & data

Table 1 Patients’ Characteristics (N = 77)

Parameters	Median (Range)
Age (years)	80 (50–90)
Sex (male/ female)	56 (72.7%)/21 (27.3%)
PS (0/1/2/3)	41 (53.2%)/30 (39.0%)/ 5 (6.5%) /1 (1.3%)
BMI (kg/m^2)	21.5 (13.1–37.3)
(<18.5/≥18.5)	23 (29.9%)/54 (70.1%)
Operability (yes/no)	21 (27.3%)/51 (66.2%)
Smoking history (yes/no)	57 (74.0%)/20 (26.0%)
DM (yes/no)	17 (22.1%)/60 (77.9%)
Pathology (confirmed/unknown)	35 (45.5%)/ 42 (54.5%)
Tumor diameter (mm)	19 (7–40)
Irradiation (gating/non-gating)	58 (75.3%)/19 (24.7%)
Pretreatment Hb (g/dL)	12.8 (7.8–18.3)
Prescribed dose
48 Gy in 4 fractions	50 (64.9%)
50 Gy in 5 fractions	23 (29.9%)
60 Gy in 8 fractions	4 (5.2%)
Follow-up periods (months)	24 (1–87)

Abbreviations: PS, performance status; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; Hb, hemoglobin.

Table 2 Association Between Hb and Other Parameters

Categorical Variables		p-value
	Age (<80 vs ≥80) (years)	0.363
	Sex (male vs female)	0.0187
	PS (0 vs ≥1)	0.527
	BMI (<18.5 vs ≥18.5) (kg/m2)	0.00974
	Operability (yes vs no)	0.655
	Smoking history (yes vs no)	0.00000735
	DM (yes vs no)	0.854
	Pathology (confirmed or unknown)	0.0677
	Tumor diameter (<20 vs ≥20) (mm)	0.347
	Irradiation (gating vs non-gating)	0.0752
Continuous Variables		p-value	ρ
	Age (years)	0.124	−0.177
	BMI (kg/m2)	0.046	0.228
	Tumor diameter (mm)	0.476	−0.0824

Abbreviations: Hb, hemoglobin; PS, performance status; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus.

Table 3 The Results of Univariate Analysis for Local Control Rate

Variables		Local Control Rate
		Univariate
		Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	p value
Age (years)	Continuous	0.9994 (0.9132–1.094)	0.9891
Sex	Male vs female	1.883 (0.2306–15.38)	0.5547
PS	0 vs ≥1	1.700 (0.4053–7.134)	0.4681
BMI (kg/m^2)	18.5< vs ≥18.5	2.974 (0.7009–12.48)	0.1363
Operability	Yes vs No	0.9538 (0.1917–4.745)	0.9539
Smoking history	Yes vs No	1.413 (0.1721–11.61)	0.7474
DM	Yes vs No	1.166 (0.3765–3.610)	0.7902
Pathology	Confirmed vs unknown	0.4003 (0.09509–1.685)	0.2219
Tumor diameter (mm)	Continuous	1.035 (0.9517–1.126)	0.4218
Irradiation	Gating vs non-gating	1.971 (0.2397–16.21)	0.5278
Pretreatment Hb (g/dL)	Continuous	0.8074 (0.5282–1.234)	0.3230

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PS, performance status; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; Hb, hemoglobin.

Table 4 The Results of Univariate and Multivariate Analysis for Overall Survival Rate

Variables		Overall Survival Rate
		Univariate		Multivariate
		Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	p value	Hazard Ratio (95% CI)	p value
Age (years)	Continuous	1.032 (0.9680–1.100)	0.3371
Sex	Male vs female	1.743 (0.3875–7.843)	0.4689
PS	0 vs ≥1	1.430 (0.5281–3.873)	0.4815
BMI (kg/m^2)	18.5< vs ≥18.5	4.412 (1.515–12.85)	0.006483	2.6130 (0.8546–7.9900)	0.092100
Operability	Yes vs No	0.8752 (0.2817–2.719)	0.8177
Smoking history	Yes vs No	0.5077 (0.1569–1.642)	0.2577
DM	Yes vs No	1.166 (0.3765–3.610)	0.7902
Pathology	Confirmed vs unknown	0.4064 (0.1519–1.087)	0.07297	0.8924 (0.3054–2.6080)	0.835200
Tumor diameter (mm)	Continuous	1.029 (0.9684–1.093)	0.3553
Irradiation	Gating vs non-gating	0.5751 (0.1775–1.863)	0.3563
Pretreatment Hb (g/dL)	Continuous	0.5647 (0.4037–0.7900)	0.0008476	0.5897 (0.4047–0.8593)	0.005974

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; PS, performance status; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; Hb, hemoglobin.

Figure 1 Overall survival rates for high and low hemoglobin groups.

Figure 2 Overall survival rates of male patients for high and low hemoglobin groups.