Prognostic Nomogram for Lymph-Node Metastasis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) Using Immunohistochemical Marker D2-40

Figures & data

Figure 1 ITCs at advancing front of tumour in poorly differentiated OSCC of tongue; pN1 status (H+E stain; ×100).

Figure 2 Strong IHC expression of D2-40 in lymphatic vessels (arrows).

Figure 3 D2-40 staining (limited to basal layer) in moderately differentiated OSCC with pN1mi+ status (×400).

Table 1 Univariate and Multivariate Binary Logistic Regression Analysis to Predict Lymph Node Metastasis

	N0	N1	OR (95% CI)
WPOI (worst pattern of invasion) H+E
Sheets	19 (63.3)	4 (13.3)	Ref (1)
Nests	6 (20.0)	8 (26.7)	6.33 (1.398, 28.697)
Individual cells	5 (16.7)	18 (60.0)	17.100 (3.954, 73.951)
ITC (individual tumour cells) D2-40
Absent	26 (86.7)	13 (43.3)	Ref (1)
Present	4 (13.3)	17 (56.7)	6.909 (2.160, 22.098)
Multivariate analysis of WPOI and ITCs with D2-40
WPOI	N/A	N/A	Ref (1)
WPOI (nests)	N/A	N/A	2.789 (0.481, 16.175)
WPOI (ind. Cells)	N/A	N/A	10.537 (2.259, 49.148)
ITCs with D2-40 (present)	N/A	N/A	4.062 (0.975, 16.919)
Constant	N/A	N/A	0.177

Abbreviations: WPOI, worst pattern of invasion; ITC, individual tumour cells; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.

Figure 4 Nomogram to predict probability of lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Parameters significantly predicting metastasis as per general linear model multivariate regression analysis (P≤0.05) are plotted on a scale of 1–100.