Analysis of Baseline Serum Lipid Profile for Predicting Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer

Figures & data

Table 1 Representativeness of Study Participants

Characteristics	Categories	Entire Cohort (N = 158)	Training Cohort (N = 112)	Validation Cohort (N = 46)
Gender	Male	125 (79.11%)	92 (82.14%)	33 (71.73%)
	Female	33 (20.89%)	20 (17.86%)	13 (28.27%)
Age	<55	16 (10.13%)	13 (11.61%)	3 (6.52.%)
	≥55	142 (89.87%)	99 (88.39%)	43 (93.48%)
T-stage	T1	9 (5.70%)	7 (6.26%)	2 (4.34%)
	T2	57 (36.08%)	40 (35.71%)	17 (36.96%)
	T3	46 (29.11%)	33 (29.46%)	13 (28.26%)
	T4	46 (29.11%)	32 (28.57%)	14 (2.34%)
N-stage	N0	4 (2.53%)	2 (1.79%)	2 (4.35%)
	N1	5 (3.16%)	2 (1.79%)	3 (6.52%)
	N2	64 (40.51%)	44 (39.28%)	20 (43.48%)
	N3	85 (53.80%)	64 (57.14%)	21 (45.65%)
M-stage	M0	32 (20.24%)	17 (15.18%)	15 (32.61%)
	M1a	54 (34.18%)	41 (36.61%)	13 (28.26%)
	M1b	36 (22.78%)	28 (25.00%)	8 (17.39%)
	M1c	36 (22.78%)	26 (23.21%)	10 (21.74%)
ki67 (%)	≤70	39 (24.68%)	27 (24.11%)	12 (26.09%)
	>70	119 (75.32%)	85 (75.89%)	34 (73.91%)
TC (mmol/L)	<5.30	94 (59.49%)	66 (58.93%)	28 (60.87%)
	≥5.30	64 (40.51%)	46 (41.07%)	18 (39.13%)
TG (mmol/L)	<1.10	60 (37.97%)	46 (41.07%)	14 (30.43%)
	≥1.10	98 (62.03%)	66 (58.93%)	32 (69.57%)
HDL-C (mmol/L)	≤1.30	110 (69.62%)	77 (68.75%)	33 (71.74%)
	>1.30	48 (30.38%)	35 (31.25%)	13 (28.26%)
LDL-C (mmol/L)	<2.30	47 (29.75%)	33 (29.46%)	14 (30.43%)
	≥2.30	111 (70.25%)	79 (70.54%)	32 (69.57%)
apoB (g/L)	<0.75	40 (25.32%)	27 (24.11%)	13 (28.26%)
	≥0.75	118 (74.68%)	85 (75.89%)	33 (71.78%)
apoA1 (g/L)	<1.06	21 (13.29%)	14 (12.50%)	7 (15.22%)
	≥1.06	137 (86.71%)	98 (87.50%)	39 (84.78%)
HDL-C/LDL-C	<0.36	64 (40.51%)	42 (37.50%)	22 (47.83%)
	≥0.36	94 (59.49%)	70 (62.50%)	24 (52.17%)
apoB/apoA1	<0.53	41 (25.95%)	28 (25.00%)	13 (28.26%)
	≥0.53	117 (74.05%)	84 (75.00%)	33 (71.74%)
TG/HDL-C	≤2.18	132 (83.54%)	99 (88.39%)	33 (71.74%)
	>2.18	26 (16.46%)	13 (11.61%)	13 (28.26%)
HDL-C/TC	<0.26	100 (63.29%)	70 (62.50%)	30 (65.22%)
	≥0.26	58 (36.71%)	42 (37.50%)	16 (34.78%)
PFS (months)	Median [min-max]	6 [3–18]	5 [3–13]	6 [3–18]

Abbreviations: TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; apoA1, apolipoprotein A1; apoB, apolipoprotein B.

Table 2 Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Factors Associated with ES-SCLC Relapse

Variable		Univariate Analysis		Multivariate Analysis
		HR (95% CI)	P value	HR (95% CI)	P value
Age	≥55 vs <55	0.99 (0.97–1.02)	0.854	–	–
Gender	Male vs Female	0.93 (0.58–1.51)	0.788	–
T-stage	T1	–	–	–	–
	T2	0.74 (0.33–1.66)	0.470	–	–
	T3	0.79 (0.35–1.80)	0.584	–	–
	T4	0.94 (0.41–2.15)	0.900	–	–
N-stage	N0	–	–	–	–
	N1	0.46 (0.06–3.29)	0.441	–	–
	N2	0.50 (0.12–2.10)	0.350	–	–
	N3	0.69 (0.16–2.86)	0.615	–	–
M-stage	M0	–	–	–	–
	M1a	1.09 (0.61–1.92)	0.765	–	–
	M1b	0.63 (0.33–1.18)	0.156	–	–
	M1c	1.23 (0.66–2.29)	0.506	–	–
ki67 (%)	>70 vs ≤70	1.95 (1.28–2.95)	0.002**	2.09 (1.33–3.28)	0.001**
TC (mmol/L)	≥5.30 vs <5.30	0.53 (0.36–0.79)	0.002**	0.41 (0.24–0.68)	<0.001***
TG (mmol/L)	≥1.10 vs <1.10	0.41 (0.26–0.63)	<0.001***	0.73 (0.44–1.21)	0.233
HDL-C (mmol/L)	>1.30 vs ≤1.30	1.7 (1.13–2.55)	0.010*	2.20 (1.29–3.76)	0.003**
LDL-C (mmol/L)	≥2.30 vs <2.30	0.48 (0.31–0.74)	<0.001***	1.28 (0.67–2.45)	0.444
apoB (g/L)	≥0.75 vs <0.75	0.34 (0.21–0.55)	<0.001***	0.47 (0.21–1.04)	0.064
apoA1 (g/L)	≥1.06 vs <1.06	0.51 (0.29–0.92)	0.026*	0.60 (0.30–1.21)	0.157
HDL-C/LDL-C	≥0.36 vs <0.36	1.58 (1.07–2.33)	0.021*	0.70 (0.41–1.20)	0.204
apoB/apoA1	≥0.53 vs <0.53	0.42 (0.27–0.67)	<0.001***	0.89 (0.44–1.76)	0.738
TG/HDL-C	>2.18 vs ≤2.18	0.39 (0.22–0.69)	0.001**	0.38 (0.20–0.70)	0.002**
HDL-C/TC	≥0.26 vs <0.26	1.95 (1.31–2.92)	0.001**	0.99 (0.52–1.90)	0.990

Notes: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

Abbreviations: TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; apoA1, apolipoprotein A1; apoB, apolipoprotein B.

Figure 1 Establishment and validation of a combined nomogram in the training cohort. Nomogram based on total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG)/HDL-C, and ki67 expression was constructed to predict the 3- (Chemorefractory), 6-, and 9-month progression free survival of ES-SCLC.

Figure 2 Validation of predictive capacity of the Nomogram in the training cohort. (A) Predictive accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by the calibration plots; (B) comparing ROC curves of the nomogram and ki67 expression for 3- (Chemorefractory), 6-, and 9-month progression free survival; (C) comparing the time-dependent decision curve analysis for the clinical benefit of the nomogram and ki67 expression.

Figure 3 Validation of predictive capacity of the Nomogram in the testing cohort. (A) Predictive accuracy of the nomogram was assessed by the calibration plots. (B) Comparing ROC curves of the nomogram and ki67 expression for 3- (Chemorefractory), 6-, and 9-month progression free survival. (C) Comparing the time-dependent decision curve analysis for the clinical benefit of the nomogram and ki67 expression.

Figure 4 Validation of predictive value of the nomogram. The progression free survival curves based on nomogram correlated risk score in the whole cohort.