Correlation Between DCAMKL-1 Protein Expression and K-ras Gene Mutation in Colorectal Cancer

Figures & data

Table 1 The Relationships of K-Ras Gene Mutation Status and DCAMKL-1 Protein Expression with the Clinicopathological Characteristics of CRC Patients

Clinicopathological Characteristics	Case Number	K-ras Gene		χ^2	P	DCAMKL-1		χ^2	*P
		Mutant	Wild			Positive	Negative
Age (years)
≤65	61	30	31	0.015	0.902	44	17	0.225	0.635
>65	21	10	11			14	7
Sex
Male	54	24	30	1.190	0.275	35	19	0.023	0.880
Female	28	16	12			23	5
Clinical stage
I+II	12	7	5	0.513	0.474	9	3	0.000	0.993
III+IV	70	33	37			49	21
Degree of tumor differentiation
High and moderate	64	33	31	0.903	0.342	46	18	0.184	0.668
Low	18	7	11			12	6
Lymph node metastasis
Yes	65	32	33	0.025	0.873	45	20	0.081	0.776
No	17	8	9			13	4

Notes: P value was calculated using the χ² test between the mutant and wild-type K-ras genes. *P value was calculated using χ² test between positive and negative DCAMKL-1 protein expression.

Abbreviation: CRC, colorectal cancer.

Table 2 Expression of DCAMKL-1 Protein in Different Colorectal Tissues

Tissue Type	Case Number	DCAMKL-1		χ^2	P
		Positive	Negative
Paracancerous intestinal mucosa	82	0	82	89.736	*P=0.000^a
Colorectal adenoma	60	32	28	56.456	**P=0.000^a
CRC	82	58	24	4.519	***P=0.034^a

Notes: ^aP<0.05. *P value was calculated using the χ² test between CRC and paracancerous intestinal mucosa. **P value was calculated using the χ² test between colorectal adenoma and paracancerous intestinal mucosa. ***P value was calculated using the χ² test between CRC and colorectal adenoma.

Abbreviation: CRC, colorectal cancer.

Figure 1 Expression of DCAMKL-1 protein in colorectal adenoma, CRC, paracancerous intestinal mucosa, and lymph node metastasis tissues (100× magnification). (A) negative DCAMKL-1 expression in paracancerous intestinal mucosal tissue; (B) negative DCAMKL-1 expression in CRC tissue; (C) positive DCAMKL-1 expression in CRC tissue; (D) negative DCAMKL-1 expression in colorectal adenoma; (E) positive DCAMKL-1 expression in colorectal adenoma; (F) positive DCAMKL-1 expression in lymph node metastases.

Table 3 Expression and Correlation of DCAMKL-1 Protein Expression in Primary CRC Lesions and Lymph Node Metastases

Tissue Type	Case Number	DCAMKL-1		χ^2	P1	r	P2
		Positive	Negative
Primary CRC lesions	65	45	20	12.087	0.001^a	0.431	0.000^a
Lymph node metastasis	65	34	31

Notes: ^aP<0.05. P1 value was calculated using the χ² test between primary CRC lesions and lymph node metastases. r and P2 represent the correlation coefficient and P value of DCAMKL-1 protein expression, respectively, between primary CRC lesions and lymph node metastases (Spearman rank correlation).

Abbreviation: CRC, colorectal cancer.

Table 4 Correlation Between K-Ras Gene Mutation Status and DCAMKL-1 Protein Expression

K-ras	Case Number	DCAMKL-1		r	P
		Positive	Negative
Mutant	40	33	7	0.252	0.022^a
Wild	42	25	17

Notes: ^aP<0.05. r and P represent the correlation coefficient and P value, respectively, of K-ras gene mutation status and DCAMKL-1 protein expression (Spearman rank correlation).

Table 5 Univariate and Multivariate Cox Regression Analyses of CRC Patients

Factor	Univariate Analysis			Multivariate Analysis
	RR	95% CI	P	RR	95% CI	P
Age (≤65 years old and >65 years old)	1.000	0.965~1.036	0.980
Sex (male and female)	0.903	0.392~2.081	0.811
Clinical stage (I+II and III+IV)	2.600	1.341~5.041	0.005^a	2.717	1.331~5.548	0.006^a
Low and high/moderate differentiation	0.241	0.108~0.535	0.000^a	0.253	0.112~0.572	0.001^a
Lymph node metastasis (yes and no)	3.745	0.884~15.856	0.073
Postoperative chemotherapy (yes and no)	1.520	0.456~5.069	0.496
K-ras gene (mutant and wild)	0.366	0.163~0.826	0.015^a	0.429	0.187~0.984	0.046^a
DCAMKL-1 expression (negative and positive)	1.317	0.552~3.140	0.535

Note: ^aP<0.05.

Abbreviations: RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval; CRC, colorectal cancer.

Figure 2 The relationship between clinicopathological parameters, K-ras gene status, and DCAMKL-1 protein expression and the survival time of CRC patients. (A) the effect of the clinical stage on the survival time of CRC patients; (B) the effect of degree of tumor differentiation on the survival time of CRC patients; (C) the effect of lymph node metastasis on the survival time of CRC patients; (D) the effect of K-ras gene status on the survival time of CRC patients; (E) the effect of DCAMKL-1 protein expression on the survival time of CRC patients.