Mean platelet volume as a predictor of pulmonary hypertension in patients with stable COPD

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flow chart of the studied patients.

Table 1 Characteristics of the studied patients (n=228).

Variable	mean/n	SD/%
Age (mean, SD)	63.30	9.22
Smoking status (n, %)
Smoker	105.00	46.05
Ex-smoker	123.00	53.95
Smoking index (mean, SD)	53.40	46.49
Co-morbidity (n, %)	21.00	9.21
DM	9.00	3.95
HTN	16.00	7.02
TLC (mean, SD)	7.06	3.09
RBCs (mean, SD)	4.75	0.78
HB (mean, SD)	12.89	1.57
PLT count (mean, SD)	257.67	77.02
MPV (mean, SD)	8.33	1.42
Arterial O2 Saturation (mean, SD)	93.64	2.65
PASP (mean, SD)	43.24	17.61

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; n, number; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; TLC, total leucocytes count (cell/µL)³; RBCs, red blood cell count (cell/µL)³; HB, hemoglobin (mg/dL); PLT, platelets count (cell/µL)³; MPV, mean platelet volume (fL); PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mmHg).

Figure 2 PH status in different COPD groups.

Figure 3 Severity degree of PH in different COPD groups.

Table 2 PH and MPV in correlation with different COPD groups

Variable	COPD grades						P
	Moderate (n=88)		Severe (n=75)		Very severe (n=65)
PH (n, %)	54	61.36	45	60	46	70.77	0.35^#
PH grades (n, %)
Mild	32	36.36	18	24	26	40	0.002^#
Moderate	17	19.32	14	18.67	4	6.15
Severe	5	5.68	13	17.33	16	24.62
MPV (mean, SD)	8.01	1.07	8.18	1.7	8.93	1.32	<0.001^$
PASP (mean, SD)	39.48	15.38	44.2	18.8	47.23	18.24	0.02^$

Notes: ^#Chi-square test, ^$One way ANOVA test, P<0.05 is considered significant.

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MPV, mean platelet volume (fL); PASP, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (mmHg); PH, pulmonary hypertension.

Figure 4 Correlation between MPV and PASP.

Table 3 MPV in patients with PH

	MPV		P
PH	Mean	SD
No (n=83)	7.11	0.98	<0.001^^
Yes (n=145)	9.02	1.14
PH grades
Mild (n=76)	8.32	0.77	<0.001^$
Moderate (n=35)	9.14	0.66
Severe (n=34)	10.49	0.71

Notes: ^Independent t-test, ^$One way ANOVA test, P<0.05 considered significant.

Abbreviations: MPV, mean platelet volume; PH, pulmonary hypertension.

Table 4 Predictors of PH in COPD patients using adjusted logistic regression models

Variables	OR	95% CI	P
PLT	1.02	(1.0077–1.0300)	0.001
MPV	6.70	(4.1205–10.8903)	<0.001
TLC	0.98	(0.7376–1.2944)	0.87
FEV1	0.99	(0.9673–1.0122)	0.37
Exacerbation frequency	0.59	(0.3454–1.0122)	0.051

Notes: Pearson; X²=210.5, P=0.9, the model was adjusted for all variables using stepwise elimination.

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; MPV, mean platelet volume (fL); PH, pulmonary hypertension; PLT, platelets count; TLC, total leucocytes count.

Figure 5 ROC curve analysis of MPV. (A) In predicting PH. (B) In predicting severe PH.

Figure 6 Correlation between exacerbation frequency and MPV.

Figure 7 Correlation between exacerbation frequency and PASP.

Figure 8 PASP prediction equation using MPV.