COPD patients’ characteristics, usual care, and adherence to guidelines: the Greek UNLOCK study

Figures & data

Figure 1 Agreement between CAT-and mMRC-based GOLD 2018 A–D classification.

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; mMRC, Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale.

Table 1 Population characteristics

	N=257
Age in years; mean (SD)	65 (12.3)
Gender, n (%)
Male	204 (79.4)
Female	53 (20.6)
Marital status, n (%)
Married/with partner	208 (84.2)
Widower	24 (9.7)
Divorced or never married	15 (6.1)
Occupational status, n (%)
Employed	74 (33.3)
Unemployed/housewife	25 (11.3)
Retired	123 (55.4)
Smoking status, n (%)
Current	143 (55.6)
Ex	83 (32.3)
Never	31 (12.1)
Pack-years; median (min–max)	40 (10–200)
CAT, mean (SD)	17.3 (6.5)
mMRC, mean (SD)	1.9 (1.2)
Main symptom, n (%)
Cough	96 (37.9)
Dyspnea	135 (53.4)
Others (wheezing, chest tightness, and phlegm)	22 (8.7)
CAT, n (%)
<10	22 (8.9)
≥10	224 (91.1)
mMRC, n (%)
0–1	100 (39.4)
≥2	154 (60.6)
Number of exacerbations in the last 12 months, median (min–max)	1 (0–4)
Number of exacerbations in the last 12 months, n (%)
<2	130 (62.8)
≥2	77 (37.2)
Number of hospitalization in the last 12 months, median (min–max)	0 (0–3)
GOLD 2018–CAT/mMRC based, n (%)
A	11 (5.4)/57 (27.5)
B	115 (56.4)/71 (34.3)
C	3 (1.5)/20 (9.7)
D	75 (36.8)/59 (28.5)

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; max, maximum; min, minimum; mMRC, Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale.

Table 2 Inhaled medication used by COPD patients (N=257)

	n (%)
ICS	6 (2.4)
LABA	60 (23.5)
LAMA	2 (0.8)
LABA + ICS	141 (55.3)
LAMA + ICS	2 (0.8)
LAMA + LABA	4 (1.6)
LAMA + LABA + ICS	14 (5.5)
SABA	2 (0.8)
SABA + ICS	3 (1.2)
SABA + LAMA + LABA	1 (0.4)
SABA + LAMA + LABA + ICS	6 (2.4)
SAMA + SABA	2 (0.8)
SAMA + SABA + ICS	8 (3.1)
All	2 (0.8)
None	2 (0.8)

Abbreviations: ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; SABA, short-acting beta agonist; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic antagonist.

Figure 2 Inhaled medication combinations used by COPD patients.

Notes: CAT (missing n=53); mMRC (missing n=50).
Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; mMRC, Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale; SABA, short-acting beta agonist; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic antagonist.

Figure 3 Inhaled medication used in the GOLD 2018 A–D groups.

Notes: CAT (missing n=53); mMRC (missing n=50).
Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; LABA, long-acting beta agonist; LAMA, long-acting muscarinic antagonist; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale; SABA, short-acting beta agonist; SAMA, short-acting muscarinic antagonist.

Table 3 Prevalence of respiratory symptoms within GOLD 2018 A–D groups

	GOLD 2018				GOLD 2018
	CAT-based				mMRC-based
	A (n=11)	B (n=113)	C (n=3)	D (n=75)	A (n=57)	B (n=70)	C (n=20)	D (n=55)
Cough, n (%)	8 (72.7)	97 (85.8)	3 (100)	68 (90.7)	49 (86.0)	58 (82.9)	18 (90.0)	55 (93.2)
Dyspnea, n (%)	7 (63.6)	65 (57.5)	2 (66.7)	69 (92)	32 (56.1)	41 (58.6)	18 (90.0)	53 (89.8)
Sputum production, n (%)	2 (18.2)	29 (25.7)	1 (33.3)	40 (53.3)	13 (22.8)	19 (27.1)	8 (40.0)	33 (55.9)
Chest tightness, n (%)	0	10 (8.8)	0	11 (14.7)	3 (5.3)	7 (10.0)	2 (10.0)	8 (13.6)
Wheezing, n (%)	0	7 (6.2)	1 (33.3)	7 (9.3)	3 (5.4)	5 (7.1)	1 (5.0)	7 (11.9)
Most bothering symptom, n (%)
Dyspnea	7 (63.6)	53 (47.3)	0	61 (81.3)	27 (48.2)	34 (48.6)	14 (70.0)	47 (79.7)
Cough	4 (36.4)	54 (48.2)	2 (66.7)	10 (13.3)	28 (50.0)	31 (44.3)	4 (20.0)	9 (15.3)
Sputum production	0	4 (3.6)	0	4 (5.3)	1 (11.1)	4 (44.4)	1 (11.1)	3 (5.1)
Others	0	1 (0.9)	1 (33.3)	0	0	1 (1.4)	1 (5.0)	0
Time of symptoms, n (%)
All day	0	30 (26.5)	0	35 (46.7)	9 (15.8)	22 (31.4)	5 (25.0)	30 (50.8)
Awakening	7 (63.6)	59 (52.2)	2 (66.7)	32 (42.7)	36 (63.2)	32 (45.7)	10 (50)	25 (42.4)
Morning	2 (18.2)	20 (17.7)	0	8 (10.7)	8 (14.0)	14 (20.0)	4 (20.0)	4 (6.8)
Evening	1 (9.1)	4 (3.5)	1 (33.3)	0	5 (5.3)	5	1 (5.0)	0
During sleep	1 (9.1)	0	0	0	1 (1.8)	0	0	0

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale.

Figure 4 Characteristics of respiratory symptoms within the ABCD groups.

Notes: Prevalence of number of symptoms (A), type of symptoms (B), most bothering symptom (C), and time of symptoms (D) based on GOLD 2018 (CAT-based). CAT (missing n=53).
Abbreviation: CAT, COPD Assessment Test.