The Experience of COPD Patients in Lockdown Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient Characteristics at Baseline

N=100	N (%) or Mean (SD)
Sex (% women)	24 (24%)
Age	68 (7.6)
BMI (Kg/m^2)	26.8 (5.1)
FVC (L)	2.7 (0.8)
FVC (%)	76.4 (13.5)
FEV1 (L)	1.4 (0.5)
FEV1 (%)	46 (16.1)
FEV1/FVC (%)	48.7 (13)
GOLD stage I	1 (1%)
GOLD stage II	38 (38%)
GOLD stage III	40 (40%)
GOLD stage IV	21 (21%)
Cough	34 (34%)
Daily expectoration	32 (32%)
Dyspnoea mMRC:
• I	25 (25%)
• II	45 (45%)
• III	27 (27%)
• IV	1 (1%)
Rehabilitation in previous year	68 (68%)
Outpatient exacerbations in previous year	35 (35%)
Mean number of outpatient exacerbations	0.49 (0.77)
Exacerbations with emergency care in previous year	6 (6%)
Mean number of exacerbations with emergency care	0.07 (0.29)
Exacerbations with hospitalization (except ICU) in previous year	14 (14%)
Mean number of exacerbations with hospitalization (except ICU)	0.18 (0.48)
Exacerbations with ICU stay in previous year	4 (4%)
Mean number of exacerbations with ICU stay	0.04 (0.20)

Abbreviations: N, number; SD, standard deviation; BMI, body mass index; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council Dyspnoea Scale; ICU, intensive care unit; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC, forced vital capacity.

Table 2 Evaluation During Lockdown

N=100	N (%) or Mean (SD)
Questionnaires
CAT	11.6 (6.8)
EuroQ5D (index)	0.81 (0.28)
EuroQ5D (Visual Analog Scale)	64.4 (18.1)
HAD depression	2.2 (3.6)
HAD anxiety	4 (4.1)
Targeted questions
Have you completely complied wth the lockdown caused by COVID-19?	64 (64%)
Have you ever been out on the street during the lockdown period?	42 (42%)
Have you been admitted to hospital during lockdown?	1 (1%)
If yes, was it due to COVID-19 infection?	1 (1%)
Have any clinical visits or tests been cancelled during the lockdown?	90 (90%)
If yes, how many?	2 (1.4)
Have you had a medical visit by phone?	61 (61%)
If yes, what was your level of satisfaction with the telephone visit? (scale 0–10)	9.3 (1.2)
Have you done physical activity at home during lockdown?	72 (72%)
Have you had any exacerbations during the lockdown period?	13 (13%)
Did you need to take an antibiotic during lockdown?	13 (13%)
Did you have to take oral corticosteroids during lockdown?	12 (12%)
Did you have problems in the supply of medication during lockdown?	3 (3%)
Have you been afraid of getting COVID-19?	67 (67%)
Have you been afraid of death during the lockdown period?	37 (37%)
In relation to your lung disease (COPD), how did you feel during lockdown?  a. Same as before lockdown  b. Worse than before lockdown  c. Better than before lockdown	63 (63%) 18 (18%) 19 (19%)
In relation to your health in general, how did you feel during the lockdown?  a. Same as before lockdown  b. Worse than before lockdown  c. Better than before lockdown	64 (64%) 19 (19%) 17 (17%)

Abbreviations: SD, standard deviation; CAT, COPD Assessment Test; HAD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale; COVID-19, Coronavirus infectious disease 2019.

Figure 1 Perception of state of health during lockdown; (A) represents the results to the question “In relation to your lung disease (COPD), how did you feel during lockdown?”; (B) represents the results of the question “In relation to your health in general, how did you feel during lockdown?”.