Impact of Exercise Capacity Upon Respiratory Functions, Perception of Dyspnea, and Quality of Life in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and Clinical Characteristics of the Patients

Variables (n = 512)	Group 1 (n = 38)	Group 2 (n = 54)	Group 3 (n = 135)	Group 4 (n = 285)	P
Age (years)	67(63,71)	66(61,71)	65(60,69)	61(53,67)	<0.001♦
Body Mass Index (kg/m2)	25(21,29)	25(21,28)	26(23,30)	27(23,31)	0.022♦
Male gender n (%)	33(86.8)	43(79.6)	111(82.2)	225(78.9)	0.920*
Cigarette consumption (p/year)	68(45,90)	60(40,88)	55(40,80)	50(30,75)	0.002♦
Emergency admission (n/last 1 year)	2(1,5)	2(0,6)	1(0,4)	0(0,1)	<0.001♦
Hospital admission (n/last 1 year)	1(0,2)	1(0,2)	0(0,1)	0(0,0)	<0.001♦
PFT
FEV1 (%)	26(22,40)	32(24,45)	38(30,55)	54(39,68)	<0.001♦
FEV1/FVC	47(43,58)	51(44,66)	57(50,65)	65(54,72)	<0.001♦
TLCO (%)	28(18,37)	26(17,38)	34(22,50)	45(33,60)	<0.001♦
ABG
PaO2 (mmHg)	65(56,77)	65(55,76)	72(62,80)	78(71,85)	<0.001♦
SatO2 (%)	92(88,96)	94(90,95)	94(92,95)	96(94,99)	<0.001♦
6 MWD (meter)	120(80,145)	200(180,215)	310(280,325)	424(380,450)	–

Notes: Data are performed as median (interquartile range) or percentile (%); ^♦Kruskal Wallis Test; *Chi Square Test. Group 1, six minute walk distance is less than 150 m; group 2, six minute walk distance is between 150 and 249 m; group 3, six minute walk distance is between 250–349 m; group 4, six minute walk distance is greater than 350 m.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; PFT, pulmonary function test; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity; TLCO, carbon-monoxide diffusion capacity; ABG, arterial blood gases; PaO_2, partial arterial oxygen pressure; SatO₂, arterial oxygen saturation; 6MWD, 6-min walk distance.

Table 2 Comparison of Dyspnea, Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression Among the Groups

Variables	Group 1 (n = 39)	Group 2 (n = 54)	Group 3 (n = 137)	Group 4 (n = 286)	P
MRC	5(4,5)	5(4,5)	4(4,3)	3(2,3)	<0.001♦
SGRQ
Symptom	72(56,78)	65(51,77)	59(45,71)	52(43,73)	<0.001♦
Activity	87(75,100)	86(69,93)	75(60,86)	56(43,75)	<0.001♦
Effect	65(50,78)	62(45,76)	54(40,70)	40(26,53)	<0.001♦
Total	74(59,81)	65(60,77)	61(48,73)	50 (34,59)	<0.001♦
HAD
Anxiety	10(6,17) 9(6,11)	9(6,16)	9(5,13)	6(4,9)	<0.001♦
Depression	10(6,17) 9(6,11)	9(5,11)	7(5,12)	5(3,9)	<0.001♦

Notes: Data are expressed as median (interquartile range); ^♦Kruskal Wallis Test. Group 1, six minute walk distance is less than 150 m; group 2, six minute walk distance is between 150 and 249 m; group 3, six minute walk distance is between 250–349 m; group 4, six minute walk distance is greater than 350 m.

Abbreviations: MRC, Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale; SGRQ, St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire; HAD, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; IQR, interquartile range.