Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation improves clinical features and systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients

Figures & data

Figure 1 Experimental design.

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ISWT, incremental shuttle walk test; HBPR, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Table 1 Volunteers’ characterization

Characteristics	Patients (n=14)
Age (years)	64.8±5.1
Body mass (kg)	69.3±15.6
Stature (m)	1.6±0.1
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.4±5.2
Lung function
FVC (%)	69.1±14.4
FEV1 (%)	55.7±20.7
FEV1/FVC (L)	0.57±0.15
FEV1/FVC (%)	72.4±19.1
MRC	2 [1.2–2]

Note: Values are expressed as average ± standard deviation or median [interquartile range, 25%–75%].

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; FVC, forced vital capacity; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; MRC, Medical Research Council.

Table 2 Incremental shuttle walk test

Parameters	Pre-HBPR	Post-HBPR	P
Walked distance (m)	296.5±65.2	318.9±78.5	0.04
Distance (% of predicted)	68.3±18	72.9±17.3	0.05
Dyspnea (Borg)	2 [1–3.5]	0.2 [0–1.7]	0.06
Fatigue of upper limb (Borg)	1 [0–3]	0 [0–1]	0.04
Maximum heart rate (%)	73.2±15	72±12.1	0.60

Notes: Values are expressed as average ± standard deviation and median [inter-quartile range, 25%–75%]. Figures in bold show statistical significance.

Abbreviations: Borg, Visual Borg Scale; HBPR, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Table 3 Maximal respiratory pressures (cmH₂O)

Pressures	Pre-HBPR	Post-HBPR	P
MIP	62.8±15.7	71.4±18.7	0.02
MEP	81±24.5	87.5±22.9	0.14

Notes: Values are average ± standard deviation. Figures in bold show statistical significance.

Abbreviations: MIP, maximal inspiratory pressure; MEP, maximal expiratory pressure; HBPR, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Table 4 Health-related quality-of-life questionnaires (SF-36)

SF-36	Pre-HBPR	Post-HBPR	P
Functional capacity	57.5 [50–77.5]	65 [55–80]	0.32
Physical aspects	50 [0–93.7]	100 [75–100]	0.01
Pain	56.5 [43.5–70]	74 [64.5–100]	0.03
General health state	54.5 [47–69.5]	72 [47–94.2]	0.09
Vitality	70 [48.7–75]	62.5 [56.2–90]	0.69
Social aspects	81.2 [62.5–100]	100 [75–100]	0.15
Emotional aspects	33.3 [33.3–100]	100 [41.6–100]	0.06
Mental health	72 [49–86]	86 [62–92]	0.32

Notes: Values are expressed as median [interquartile range, 25%–75%]. Figures in bold show statistical significance.

Abbreviations: SF-36, short-form health survey; HBPR, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation.

Figure 2 Plasma levels of interleukin pre- and post-HBPR.

Note: (A) Plasma IL-6. (B) Plasma IL-8.
Abbreviations: HBPR, home-based pulmonary rehabilitation; IL, interleukin.

Figure 3 Correlation between WD (m) and SF-36 (physical role).

Abbreviations: SF-36, short-form health survey; WD, walked distance.