Figures & data
Figure 1 Consort diagram.
![Figure 1 Consort diagram.](/cms/asset/7b4ae6af-5014-44dc-9220-e71209298d7a/dcop_a_85363_f0001_b.jpg)
Table 1 Characteristics with regard to design and methods, sample size, proportion, and definition of patients regarded as having the asthma–COPD overlap syndrome, and comparison groups for the studies (n=11) included in the present review
Table 2 Spirometric parameters among patients classified as ACOS, COPD only, and asthma only
Table 3 Prevalence (P) and prevalence ratio (PR) of exacerbations among patients classified as having ACOS and comparison groups
Figure 2 Frequency of exacerbations (per year) among patients classified as ACOS, COPD only, and asthma only.
Abbreviations: ACOS, asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
![Figure 2 Frequency of exacerbations (per year) among patients classified as ACOS, COPD only, and asthma only.](/cms/asset/eabecd8b-d7da-4093-9a8e-98387931bf70/dcop_a_85363_f0002_b.jpg)
Figure 3 Prevalence of comorbidities among patients classified as ACOS, COPD only, and asthma only.
Notes: x, proportion having a comorbid condition; y, having two comorbid conditions; Pa, patient study, where comorbidities were inferred by recording concomitant drug prescriptions for other diseases (arterial hypertension, chronic heart disease, diabetes, gastroesophageal and osteoporosis); Po, population study with self-reported comorbidities; a, age adjusted (≥18 years). #Data from the comorbid condition; stroke is chosen to give a representative impression of tendency in the study, in the lack of data about all comorbidities together. ^Asthma group only includes patients with current asthma. *P<0.02, **P<0.633, ***P<0.05.
Abbreviations: ACOS, asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
![Figure 3 Prevalence of comorbidities among patients classified as ACOS, COPD only, and asthma only.Notes: x, proportion having a comorbid condition; y, having two comorbid conditions; Pa, patient study, where comorbidities were inferred by recording concomitant drug prescriptions for other diseases (arterial hypertension, chronic heart disease, diabetes, gastroesophageal and osteoporosis); Po, population study with self-reported comorbidities; a, age adjusted (≥18 years). #Data from the comorbid condition; stroke is chosen to give a representative impression of tendency in the study, in the lack of data about all comorbidities together. ^Asthma group only includes patients with current asthma. *P<0.02, **P<0.633, ***P<0.05.Abbreviations: ACOS, asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.](/cms/asset/cd86031c-dfc1-4e5c-9442-4f07aee2d47e/dcop_a_85363_f0003_b.jpg)
Figure 4 Prevalence of the comorbidity diabetes in patients classified as having ACOS, COPD* only, and asthma only.
Abbreviations: ACOS, asthma–chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlap syndrome; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
![Figure 4 Prevalence of the comorbidity diabetes in patients classified as having ACOS, COPD* only, and asthma only.](/cms/asset/77b10acb-0c6d-44df-8266-7dceec2378c9/dcop_a_85363_f0004_b.jpg)