COPD: the patient perspective

Figures & data

Table 1 Instruments used to investigate the effect of COPD on patient health

Instrument	Use	Advantages	Disadvantages
mMRC^Citation16	Dyspnea measurement	Brevity	Lacks sensitivity
SGRQ^Citation19	Health status	Covers broad spectrum of COPD effects	Time-consuming
CCQ^Citation20	Health status	Brevity	Symptomatic threshold yet to be determined
		Covers broad spectrum of COPD effects
CAT^Citation16,Citation18	Health status	Brevity	Little data about responsiveness to treatment
		Covers broad spectrum of COPD effects

Abbreviations: CAT, COPD Assessment Test; CCQ, Clinical COPD Questionnaire; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; mMRC, modified Medical Research Council dyspnea score; SGRQ, St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire.

Figure 1 Pedometer indices for public health.

Note: Data from Tudor-Locke et al.³³

Figure 2 Mapping COPD characteristics.

Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Figure 3 Synergistic bronchodilator effect from the simultaneous blockade of M₂/M₃ receptors and the activation of β₂-adrenoceptors.

Notes: Gray columns indicate the effect of saline or tiotropium on ACh-induced bronchoconstriction in the absence of carmoterol (control) in anesthetized guinea pigs. **P,0.01 and ***P,0.001 versus corresponding control. Values are mean ± standard error of the mean of six to eight different animals. Adapted from Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Vol 20, Issue 3, Rossoni G, Manfredi B, Razzetti R, Civelli M, Berti F, Positive interac tion of the novel β₂-agonist carmoterol and tiotropium bromide in the control of airway changes induced by different challenges in guinea-pigs. Pages 250–257, Copyright 2007, with permission from Elsevier.⁴⁷
Abbreviations: ACh, acetylcholine; ITP, intratracheal pressure; iv, intravenous.

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