Increased hypoxemia in patients with COPD and pulmonary hypertension undergoing bronchoscopy with biopsy

Figures & data

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population (n=207)

Parameters	PH (N=40)	Non-PH (N=167)
Age (years)a	69±15	59±16
Sex (M:F)	22:18	90:77
NYHA class
I	24%	30%
II	32%	39%
III	30%	20%
IV	14%	11%
Severity of PH (mmHg)
Mild (41–50)	27 (45±3.3)
Moderate (51–60)	8 (56±2.3)
Severe (>60)	5 (85±19)

Notes:

a P=0.001. Data are presented as mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: NYHA, New York Heart Association; PH, pulmonary hypertension; M, male; F, female.

Table 2 Indications for FB and additional procedures in COPD patients with and without PH

Parameter	PH (N=40)	Non-PH (N=167)
Indications	N (%)	N (%)
Pulmonary infiltrates	23 (57.5)	62 (37)
Hemoptysis	3 (7.5)	18 (11)
Lung mass	8 (20)	50 (30)
Suspected ILD (including sarcoidosis)	2 (5)	22 (13)
Atelectasis	2 (5)	2 (1)
Others	2 (5)	13 (8)
Duration of FB (minutes)	19±7	21±8
Midazolam (mg)a	3.0±1.2	4.8±3.5
Procedures, N (%)
BAL	34 (85)	139 (83)
BAL + TBB	25 (63)	104 (62)
TBNA	1 (2.5)	13 (7.7)

Notes:

a P=0.009. Data are presented as mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: PH, pulmonary hypertension; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; FB, flexible bronchoscopy; ILD, interstitial lung disease; TBB, transbronchial biopsy; TBNA, transbronchial needle aspiration.

Table 3 Hemodynamic parameters in COPD patients with and without PH who underwent flexible bronchoscopy (n=207)

Parameter	PH (N=40)	Non-PH (N=167)	P-value
SO2 before, %	95±3	95.7±4	0.082
SO2 after, %	94.9±3	95.8±6	1.15
SO2 lowest, %	93±5	93±7	0.994
HR before (b/min)	87±12	86±14	0.952
HR after (b/min)	93±19	94±18	0.454
DBP before, mmHg	80±10	75±11	0.015
DBP after, mmHg	83±13	80±17	0.427
SBP before, mmHg	133±25	131±22	0.636
SBP after, mmHg	132±22	135±25	0.476

Note:

Data are presented as mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, heart rate; PH, pulmonary hypertension; SBP, systolic blood pressure; SO₂, saturation of oxygen; b/min, beats per minute.

Table 4 Complications during bronchoscopy in COPD patients with and without PH

Parameter	PH (N=40)	Non-PH (N=167)	P-value
Supraventricular tachycardia (N)	0	2	1.000
Hypoxemia
BAL, N (%)	3 (8.8)	14 (10)	0.420
BAL + TBB, N (%)	9 (23.5)	12 (6.9)	0.033
Bleeding
BAL, N (%)	7 (16.7)	17 (10)	0.475
BAL + TBB, N (%)	12 (29.4)	57 (34.5)	0.686
Adrenalin administered (mg)	3.2±1.7	3.4±2.2	0.744
Hypotension (N)	1/40	1/167	0.341
Death (N)	0	0

Note: Data are presented as mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: PH, pulmonary hypertension; BAL, bronchoalveolar lavage; TBB, transbronchial biopsy.