The Magnitude and Associated Factors of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Among Patients with Chronic Diabetic Mellitus in Northeast Ethiopia, 2021

Figures & data

Table 1 Socio-Demographic Characteristics to Determine the Magnitude of Diabetic Foot Ulcer Among Chronic Diabetic Mellitus Patients at DBCSH Northeast Ethiopia, 2021 (n=283)

Characteristics	Category	Frequency	Percent (%)
Age	20–28	28	9.9
	29–37	31	11.0
	38–46	83	29.3
	47–55	22	7.8
	56–64	19	6.7
	65–73	22	7.8
	74–82	31	11.0
	≥83	47	16.6
Sex	Female	158	55.8
	Male	125	44.2
Marital status	Single	54	19.1
	Married	168	59.4
	Divorced	31	11.0
	Widowed	30	10.6
Residence	Rural	157	55.5
	Urban	126	44.5
Education	Cannot read and write	18	6.4
	Reading and writing	84	29.7
	Primary education	50	17.7
	Secondary education	18	6.4
	Diploma	95	33.6
	Degree and above	18	6.4
Occupation	Employed	156	55.1
	Farmer	30	10.6
	Unemployed	97	34.3

Table 2 Clinical and Diabetic Information of the Study Participants in DBCSH Northeast Ethiopia, 2021 (n=283)

Characteristics	Frequency	Percent (%)
Alcohol intake
Yes	125	44.2
No	158	55.8
Foot self-care practice
Poor foot self-care practice	41	14.5
Good foot self-care practice	242	85.5
Skin texture
Dry and crack	30	10.6
Smooth and moist	253	89.4
Physical exercise
Active	53	18.7
Inactive	230	81.3
Comorbid hypertension
Yes	57	20.1
No	226	79.9
Type of DM
Type I	22	7.8
Type II	261	92.2
Duration on DM
<5 years	60	21.2
>5 years	223	78.8
Current anti-diabetic medication
Oral hypoglycemic drug	237	83.7
Insulin	22	7.8
Both	24	8.5
Follow-up regularly
Yes	229	80.9
No	54	19.1
Peripheral neuropathy
Yes	74	26.1
No	209	73.9
Foot pulses
Absent	45	15.9
Present	238	84.1
Appropriate footwear
Yes	10	3.5
No	273	96.5

Figure 1 The magnitude of diabetic foot ulcer patients in DBCSH northeast Ethiopia, 2021 (n=283).

Table 3 Bivariate and Multivariate Regression Analysis of Factors Associated with Diabetic Foot Ulcer Among DM Patients in DBCSH Northeast Ethiopia, 2021 (n=283)

Variables	Foot Ulcer		Bivariate COR (95% CI)	Multivariate AOR (95% CI)
	Yes	No
Sex
Male	4 (3.2%)	121 (96.8%)	1
Female	16 (10.1%)	142 (89.9%)	3.408 (1.110, 10.469)*	0.5 (0.076, 2947)
Occupation
Employer	17 (10.9%)	139 (89.1%)	5.809 (1.312, 25.731)*	9.1 (0.772, 106.799)
Farmer	1 (3.3%)	29 (96.7%)	3.547 (0.454, 27.719)	0.86 (0.134, 5.637)
Other	2 (2.1%)	95 (97.9%)	1
Alcohol intake
Yes	14 (11.2)	111 (88.8%)	3.195 (1.191, 8.575)*	3.1 (0.708, 13.217)
No	6 (3.8%)	152 (96.2%)	1
Duration of DM
>5 years	11 (18.3%)	62 (81.7%)	5.338 (1.098, 13.583)**	2.28 (3.040, 17.69)**
≤5 years	9 (4.0%)	201 (96%)	1	1
History of ulceration
Yes	14 (8.7%)	147 (91.3%)	1.841 (0.686, 4.940)**	7.24 (1.257, 11.781)**
No	6 (4.9%)	116 (95.1%)	1
Peripheral neuropathy
Yes	13 (17.6%)	61 (82.4%)	6.150 (2.349, 16.101)**	5.77 (1.325, 12.155)**
No	7 (3.3%)	202 (96.7%)	1
Current medication
Oral hypoglycemia	10 (21.7%)	36 (78.3%)	4.981 (2.338, 9.497)**	3.2 (4.021, 9.644)**
Insulin	7 (5.1%)	130 (94.9%)	5.159 (1.834, 14.508)**	2.6 (1.780, 4.362)**
Mixed	3 (3%)	97 (97%)	1	1

Note: *Signifies those p-values were ≤0.25 and **p-value <0.05.