Emerging treatment options for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Figures & data

Table 1 Treatment parameters and outcomes of patients after intensity-modulated radiotherapy

Study	Year	n	Stage	Radiotherapy			Fraction	Time (years)	Outcome (%)
				Dose (Gy)	Dose/Fr	Boost after IMRT			LFFR	DFFR	OS
Ma et al^Citation42	2012	30	III–IVb	66–74	2–2.11	Yes	33	2	93	93	90
Lee et al^Citation50	2012	44	IIb–IVb	70	2.12	No	33	2	83.7	90.8	90.9
Su et al^Citation49	2012	198	I–II	68	2.27	No	30	5	97	97.8	97
Xiao et al^Citation48	2011	81	III–IVa	68	2.27	No	30	5	95	83	75
Lai et al^Citation13	2011	512	III–IV	68	2.27	Yes	30	5	93	84	76
Ng et al^Citation47	2011	193	III–IV	70	2–2.12	Yes	33	2	95	90	92
Bakst et al^Citation41	2011	25	II–IVb	70.2	2.34	No	30	3	91	91	89
Wong et al^Citation46	2010	175	I–IVb	70	2.12	Yes	33	3	93.6	86.6	87.2
Lee et al^Citation45	2009	68	I–IVb	70	2.12	No	33	2	92.6	84.7	80.2
Tham et al^Citation43	2009	195	III–IV	70	2.12	Yes	33	3	90	89	94
Lin et al^Citation44	2009	323	II–IVb	66–70	2.2–2.25	Yes	30	3	95	90	90
Wolden et al^Citation39	2006	74	I–IV	70	2	No	35	3	91	78	83
Kwong et al^Citation40	2006	50	III–IVb	76	2.17	No	35	2	96	94	92
Kam et al^Citation38	2004	63	I–IV	66	2	Yes	33	3	92	79	90
Lee et al^Citation37	2002	67	I–IV	65–70	2.12–2.25	Yes	33	4	97	66	88

Abbreviations: Fr, fraction; IMRT, intensity-modulated radiotherapy; LFFR, local failure-free rate; DFFR, distant failure-free rate; OS, overall survival.

Table 2 Randomized trials of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Study	Year	Stage	n	Regimen	Radiotherapy dose (Gy)	Result (%)
						Time (years)	LRFFR	DFFR	OS
Concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Lin et al^Citation80	2003	III–IV (AJCC manual, 4th edition)	284	RT alone	70–74	5	92.9	69.9	54.2
				RT + PF			96.8	78.7	72.3
							P = 0.1716	P = 0.0577	P = 0.0022
Chan et al^Citation81	2005	Ho’s N2/N3 or node ≥ 4 cm (N1)	350	RT alone	66	5	–	–	59
				RT + P					70
									P = 0.049
Zhang et al^Citation82	2005	III–IV (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	115	RT alone	70–74	2	–	80	77
				RT + O				92	100
								P = 0.02	P = 0.01
Chen et al^Citation75,*	2011	II (Chinese 1992)	230	RT alone	68–70	5	91.9	83.9	85.5
				RT + P			93	94.8	94.5
							P = 0.29	P = 0.007	P = 0.007
Concurrent + adjuvant chemotherapy
Al-Sarraf et al^Citation70	1998	III–IV (AJCC manual, 4th edition)	147	RT alone		5	–	–	37
				RT + P → PF					63
									P = 0.001
Wee et al^Citation76	2005	III–IV (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	221	RT alone	70	2	–	70	78
				RT + P → PF				83	85
								P = 0.0029	P = 0.0061
Chen et al^Citation78	2008	III–IVb (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	316	RT alone	70	2	91.9	78.7	79.7
				RT + P → PF			98	86.5	89.8
							P = 0.007	P = 0.024	P = 0.003
Lee et al^Citation77	2010	III–IVb (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	348	RT alone RT + P → PF	66	5	78	68	64
							88	74	68
							P = 0.005	P = 0.32	P = 0.22
Lee et al^Citation79	2011	T3–T4, N0–N1 (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	189	RT alone	69	5	85	75	66
				RT + P → P			81	75	78
							P = 0.96	P = 0.94	P = 0.45
				ART alone			75	74	66
							P = 0.3	P = 0.94	P = 0.43
				ART + P → P			90	95	85
							P = 0.31	P = 0.046	P = 0.058
Chen et al^Citation94	2012	III–IV (AJCC manual, 6th edition)	251	CCRT	66	2	95	86	92
				CCRT → PF			98	88	94
							P = 0.1	P = 0.12	P = 0.32
Induction + concurrent chemoradiotherapy
Hui et al^Citation102	2009	III–IVb (AJCC manual, 5th edition)	65	CCRT	66	2	–	–	68
				T* P → CCRT					94
									P = 0.012
Fountzilas et al^Citation103	2012	IIb–IVb (AJCC manual, 6th edition)	141	CCRT	66–70	3	–	–	72
				PET → CCRT					67
									P = 0.052

Note:

* Chinese 1992 stage II patients.

Abbreviations: RT, radiotherapy; CCRT, concurrent chemoradiotherapy; P, cisplatin; F, 5-fluorouracil; O, oxaliplatin; T*, docetaxel; E, epirubicin; T, paclitaxel; LRFFR, locoregional failure-free rate; DFFR, distant failure-free rate; OS, overall survival; U, uracil and tegafur; V, vincristine; B, bleomycin; M, methotrexate; AJCC, American Joint Committee on Cancer; PET, positron emission tomography.

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