Figures & data
Figure 1 The cells responsible for bone remodeling, highlighting key signaling pathways that are targets for therapies recommended for the prevention of osteoporotic fracture.
Abbreviations: CatK, cathepsin K; CTR, calcitonin receptor; E2, estrogen; ERα, estrogen receptor; LRP5/6, lipoprotein-related protein 5/6; OPG, osteoprotegerin; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHR, PTH receptor; RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB; RANKL, RANK ligand.
![Figure 1 The cells responsible for bone remodeling, highlighting key signaling pathways that are targets for therapies recommended for the prevention of osteoporotic fracture.](/cms/asset/612b1136-ce59-4c79-b151-124e6f242390/dddt_a_31504_f0001_c.jpg)
Figure 2 Key milestones in the lifecourse of osteoporosis therapy. Strontium ranelate is not approved by the FDA but all other agents have been approved both by the FDA and EMA.
Abbreviations: EMA, European Medicines Agency; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; IV, intravenous.
![Figure 2 Key milestones in the lifecourse of osteoporosis therapy. Strontium ranelate is not approved by the FDA but all other agents have been approved both by the FDA and EMA.](/cms/asset/f972ebb3-167f-4028-9b99-23b6bf64948d/dddt_a_31504_f0002_c.jpg)
Figure 3 Sites of action of different classes of drugs that are either in clinical use (left hand side) or in development (right hand side).
Abbreviations: BMD, bone mineral density; BP, bisphosphonate; CaSR, calcium-sensing receptor; CatK, cathepsin K; CTR, calcitonin receptor; ERα, estrogen receptor; LRP5/6, lipoprotein-related protein 5/6; OPG, osteoprotegerin; PTH, parathyroid hormone; PTHR, PTH receptor; RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB; RANKL, RANK ligand; OB, osteoblast; OC, osteoblast.
![Figure 3 Sites of action of different classes of drugs that are either in clinical use (left hand side) or in development (right hand side).](/cms/asset/80c7459e-c870-41e1-a85e-4e9268a3cde8/dddt_a_31504_f0003_c.jpg)
Table 1 Serum biomarkers for osteoporosis
Figure 4 A summary of the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines (available at http://publications.nice.org.uk) for the therapeutic management of primary and secondary osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women.
![Figure 4 A summary of the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines (available at http://publications.nice.org.uk) for the therapeutic management of primary and secondary osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women.](/cms/asset/8c3a2173-0d8c-4ebb-908d-925689ecc008/dddt_a_31504_f0004_c.jpg)