Comparison of Ciprofol-Based and Propofol-Based Total Intravenous Anesthesia on Microvascular Decompression of Facial Nerve with Neurophysiological Monitoring: A Randomized Non-Inferiority Trial

Figures & data

Figure 1 Microvascular decompression of the facial nerve.

Notes: (A) Preoperative Magnetic resonance Imaging; (B). Vertebral artery compress the facial nerve; (C). AMR and CMAP in IONM.

Table 1 Details of the Participating Patients

Variable	P(n=60)	C(n=60)	P
Age (years), M (p25, p75)	54.0 (49.0, 58.0)	54.0 (49.3, 58.0)	0.825
Sex, n (%)			0.449
Male	24 (40.0)	20 (33.3)
Female	36 (60.0)	40 (66.6)
Side of onset, n (%)			0.453
Left	39 (65.0)	35 (58.3)
Right	21 (35.0)	25 (41.7)
BMI (kg/m^2), M (p25, p75)	24.9 (23.4, 26.6)	24.3 (21.7, 26.6)	0.191
ASA class, n (%)			0.361
Class II	33 (55.0)	28 (46.6)
Class III	27 (45.0)	32 (53.3)
Malpighian classification, n (%)			0.453
Class II	21 (35)	25 (41.7)
Class III	39 (65)	35 (58.3)
Hypertension, n (%)	25 (41.7)	18 (30.0)	0.183
Previous history of anesthesia, n (%)	33 (55.0)	26 (43.3)	0.201

Notes: Continuous data are shown as medians (p25, p75) and categorical data as n (%).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Standards Association.

Figure 2 Followingchart according to consort.

Table 2 Primary and Second Outcomes of Patients

Variable	P(n=60)	C(n=60)	P
IONM
CMAP^a (μv), Mean ± SD	53.4 ± 35.4	64.7 ± 44.1	0.123
Monitoring success rate, n (%)	56 (93.3)	57 (95.0)	1.000
Efficiency of surgery, n (%)	58 (96.7)	57 (95.0)	1.000
SOIP, n (%)	54 (90.0)	56 (93.3)	0.509
Induction stabilization
MOBPD (mmHg), Mean ± SD	17.0 ± 9.7	9.9 ± 7.5	<0.001
Intubation reaction, n (%)	10 (16.7)	12 (20)	0.637
Pain on injection, n (%)	19 (31.7)	2 (3.3)	<0.001
Bradycardia, n (%)	11 (18.3)	7 (11.7)	0.306
Satisfaction of induction, n (%)	42 (70.0)	48 (80.0)	0.206
Complications, n (%)
Neurological complications	1 (1.7)	2 (3.3)	1.000
Nausea and vomiting in PACU	5 (8.3)	4 (6.7)	1.000
Intraoperative awareness	0	0	1.000
Intraoperative body movement	0	0	1.000
Death	0	0	1.000

Notes: ^a The CMAP amplitude between T10 and T5 time point. Continuous data are shown as mean ± SD or medians (p25, p75) and categorical data as n (%).

Abbreviations: IONM, intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring; CMAP, compound muscle action potential; SOIP, satisfaction of IONM physicians; PACU, post-anesthesia care unit; MOBPD, magnitude of blood pressure drop.

Table 3 Surgical and Anesthetic Drug Related Outcomes of Patients

Variable	P(n=60)	C(n=60)	P
Anesthetic dosage (mL)
Sedative consumption ^a, M (p25, p75)	97.5 (88.2, 121.7)	76.2 (63.0, 87.1)	<0.001
Remifentanil dosage, M (p25, p75)	37.5 (32.1, 44.4)	35.0 (27.8, 44.3)	0.144
Norepinephrine (mL), M (p25, p75)	37.5 (17.1, 60.9)	8.0 (0, 24.8)	<0.001
Procedure time(min)
Operation duration, M (p25, p75)	160.0 (145.0, 200.0)	177.5 (150.0, 198.8)	0.331
Anesthesia duration, M (p25, p75)	200.0 (185.0, 238.8)	215.0 (185.0, 239.5)	0.864
RT from anesthesia, Mean ± SD	23.9 ± 10.6	16.1 ± 7.4	<0.001
PACU duration, Mean ± SD	54.3 ± 12.9	50.6 ± 10.9	0.100
POD (day), M (p25, p75)	7.0 (6.0, 11.0)	7.0 (5.0, 10.0)	0.308
Bis values during the Maintenance phase of general anesthesia
Duration that was maintained at 40–60 (min), M (p25, p75)	151.5 (134.0, 183.8)	159.5 (142.3, 189.0)	0.288
Proportion of time that was maintained at 40–60 (%), Mean ± SD	77.2 ± 5.8	78.6 ± 6.2	0.189
Hospitalization costs (RMBҰ, ten thousand), Mean ± SD	3.8 ± 0.6	3.6 ± 0.6	0.065

Notes: ^a The sedative drug in group C was ciprofol, and the sedative drug in group P was propofol. Continuous data are shown as mean ± SD or medians (p25, p75) and categorical data as n (%).

Abbreviations: PACU, post-anesthesia care unit; RT, recovery time; POD, postoperative hospital stay.

Data Sharing Statement

Data are available from the corresponding author (Juan Li) on reasonable request.