Biodegradable in situ gelling delivery systems containing pilocarpine as new antiglaucoma formulations: effect of a mercaptoacetic acid/N-isopropylacrylamide molar ratio

Figures & data

Figure 1 M_n of various carboxylic end-capped PNIPAAm samples.

Notes: Values are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=4). *P<0.05 versus all groups.
Abbreviations: M_n, number–average molecular weight; PNIPAAm, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.

Figure 2 LCST of GN prepared from various carboxylic end-capped PNIPAAm samples.

Notes: Values are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=4). *P<0.05 versus all groups.
Abbreviations: LCST, lower critical solution temperature; GN, gelatin-g-PNIPAAm; PNIPAAm, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.

Figure 3 Time course of the weight remaining of various GN samples after incubation at 34°C in BSS containing MMP-2.

Notes: *Statistically significant differences (P<0.05; n=4) for the mean value of the weight remaining compared to the value at the previous time point. ^# P<0.05 versus all groups; ⁺ P<0.05 versus the G-M/N005 group (compared only within each time point group).

Abbreviations: GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); BSS, balanced salt solution; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2; n, number.

Figure 4 Drug encapsulation efficiency of various GN samples.

Notes: Values are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=4). *P<0.05 versus all groups.
Abbreviations: GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.

Figure 5 Time course of the concentration of pilocarpine released from various GN samples at 34°C in BSS containing MMP-2.

Notes: *Statistically significant differences (P<0.05; n=4) for the mean value of the pilocarpine concentration compared to the value at the previous time point. ^# P<0.05 versus all groups (compared only within each time point group).

Abbreviations: GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); BSS, balanced salt solution; MMP-2, matrix metalloproteinase-2; n, number.

Figure 6 Cell viability of and mean percentage of live cells in bovine corneal endothelial cell cultures.

Notes: (A) Cell viability of bovine corneal endothelial cell cultures was determined by staining with the LIVE/DEAD® Viability/Cytotoxicity Kit (Life Technologies, Carlsbad, CA, USA), in which live cells fluoresce green and dead cells fluoresce red. Fluorescence images of cells after a 2-day exposure to various GN samples. Control: without materials. Scale bars: 50 μm. (B) Mean percentage of live cells in the bovine corneal endothelial cell cultures as measured by the LIVE/DEAD assay after a 2-day exposure to various GN samples. Values are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=9).
Abbreviations: GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.

Figure 7 Typical specular microscope images of rabbit corneal endothelium and specular microscopy measurements of corneal ECD 2 weeks after intracameral injection of various GN samples.

Notes: (A) Typical specular microscopic images of rabbit corneal endothelium 2 weeks after intracameral injection of various GN samples. Control: BSS injection (without materials). (B) Specular microscopy measurements of corneal ECD 2 weeks after intracameral injection of various GN samples. The dash line represents the preoperative cell density. Values are represented as the mean ± standard deviation (n=6).
Abbreviations: ECD, endothelial cell density; GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); BSS, balanced salt solution; n, number.

Figure 8 Measurements of IOP after intracameral injection of various GN samples containing pilocarpine in eyes with experimental GL.

Notes: *Statistically significant differences (P<0.05; n=6) for the mean value of IOP compared to values at previous time points. ^#
P<0.05 versus all groups; ⁺
P<0.05 versus G-M/N125 group (compared only within each time point group).
Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; GL, glaucoma; GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.

Figure 9 Measurements of pupil diameter after intracameral injection of various GN samples containing pilocarpine in eyes with experimental glaucoma.

Notes: *Statistically significant differences (P<0.05; n=6) for the mean value of pupil diameter compared with the values at previous time points. ^#P<0.05 versus all groups; ⁺P<0.05 versus G-M/N125 group (compared only within each time point group).
Abbreviations: GN, gelatin-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide); n, number.