Level of control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending diabetic clinic under family medicine compared to diabetic clinic under endocrinology

Figures & data

Table 1 Patients and disease characteristics (n=352)

Patient characteristics	Family medicine (N=176)	Endocrine clinic (N=176)	Total	P-value*
Age, mean ± SD	49.1±8.5	51.9±9.1	50.5±8.9	0.002a
Sex, n (%)
Male	87 (49)	63 (36)	150 (43)	0.01
Female	89 (51)	113 (64)	202 (57)
Type of treatment, n (%)
Life style modification	0 (0)	9 (5)	9 (3)
Oral hypoglycemic	86 (49)	67 (38)	153 (43)
Insulin	8 (5)	51 (29)	59 (17)
Oral + insulin	82 (47)	49 (28)	131 (37)
Comorbidities, n (%)
Hypertension	100 (57)	104 (59)	204 (58)	0.67
Dyslipidemia	162 (92)	118 (67)	280 (80)	<0.001
Stroke	1 (1)	1 (1)	2 (1)	1.0
Hypothyroidism	17 (10)	36 (20)	53 (15)	0.005
Duration of disease
Mean ± SD	7.8±6.3	10.8±7.3	9.3±7	<0.001a
Median (IQR)	6.0 (3,11)	10.0 (5,15)	8.0 (4,14)	<0.001b

Notes:

* P-value determined by chi-square test except for “age” and “duration of disease”:

a Independent samples t-test.

b Test of median. P-value was considered significant if <0.05.

Abbreviations: IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.

Table 2 Mean A1C in both groups

Clinic	N	Mean	P-value
Both	352	8.97±1.87
Family medicine	176	9.01±1.75	0.66
Endocrine clinic	176	8.93±1.98	0.66

Notes: The chi-square test was used to calculate P-value. P-value was considered significant if <0.05.

Abbreviation: A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Table 3 A1C categories for study population in both settings (n=352)

			Clinic		Total
			Family medicine	Endocrine clinic
A1C	<7	N	16	28	44
		Within clinic, %	9.1	15.9	12.5
	7 to <8	N	38	38	76
		Within clinic, %	21.6	21.6	21.6
	8 to <9	N	40	33	73
		Within clinic, %	22.7	18.8	20.7
	9 to <10	N	38	25	63
		Within clinic, %	21.6	14.2	17.9
	≥10	N	44	52	96
		Within clinic, %	25.0	29.5	27.3
Total, N (%)			176 (100)	176 (100)	352 (100)

Abbreviation: A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Table 4 Age distribution in relation to A1C categories (n=352)

Age	N	Mean of A1C	SD
26–39	45	9.331	2.4692
40–49	110	8.864	1.9419
50–59	129	9.088	1.6734
60–69	68	8.674	1.5861
Total	352	8.969	1.8652

Abbreviations: A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin; SD, standard deviation.

Table 5 Correlation between A1C, age, duration of disease, and number of follow-up visits

		Age	Duration (years)	Number of follow-up visits
Family medicine clinic
A1C	Pearson correlation	0.05	0.13	−0.03
	Significant (two-tailed)	0.53	0.08	0.66
	N	176	176	176
Endocrine clinic
A1C	Pearson correlation	−0.16	0.24	0.13
	Significant (two-tailed)	0.03	0.001	0.08
	N	176	176	176

Abbreviation: A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin.

Table 6 Correlation between A1C and comorbidities

		Family clinic			Endocrine clinic
		N	Mean of A1C	P-value	N	Mean of HA1c	P-value
Hypertension	Yes	100	9.07±1.7	0.60	104	8.83±1.9	0.42
	No	76	8.93±1.8		72	9.07±2.1
Dyslipidemia	Yes	162	9.05±1.7	0.34	118	8.94±2	0.83
	No	14	8.59±1.8		58	8.88±1.9
Hypothyroidism	Yes	17	9.20±1.5	0.63	36	9±2.1	0.8
	No	159	8.99±1.8		140	8.9±2
Stroke	Yes	1	10.6	0.37	1	9.1	0.93
	No	175	9±1.8		175	8.92±2

Notes: Data presented as mean ± standard deviation. The chi-square test was used to calculate P-value. P-value was considered significant if <0.05.

Abbreviation: A1C, glycosylated hemoglobin.