Severity of primary open-angle glaucoma in patients with hypertension and diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1 Age and sex distribution of POAG

Age, years	Sex		Total (%)
	Male	Female
11–20	2	4	6 (2.7)
21–30	9	3	12 (5.4)
31–40	11	15	26 (11.7)
41–50	14	21	35 (15.8)
51–60	31	22	53 (23.9)
61–70	25	26	51 (23.1)
71–80	15	22	37 (16.7)
81–90	0	1	1 (0.4)
Total (%)	107 (48.1)	114 (51.9)	221 (100)

Abbreviation: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Figure 1 POAG patients with hypertension and diabetes.

Abbreviation: POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Table 2 Ocular findings of patients of POAG with and without HTN

		Patients with HTN	Patients without HTN
IOP	Mean	15.0	15.7
	95% CI for mean, p<0.05	14.2 to 15.9	14.9 to 16.5
HVFA	Mean	−8.39	−4.85
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	−11.1 to −5.64	−5.83 to −3.86
CDR	Mean	0.71	0.61
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	0.62 to 0.81	0.58 to 0.65

Abbreviations: CDR, cup–disc ratio; HTN, hypertension; HVFA, humphrey visual field analysis; IOP, intraocular pressure; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Table 3 Severity of VFD in relation to HTN

		Moderate/severe (%)	Mild (%)	Total (%)
HTN	Yes	48 (25.9)	33 (17.8)	81 (43.7)
	No	36 (19.5)	68 (36.8)	104 (56.3)
Total		84 (45.4)	101 (54.6)	185 (100)
Risk estimate		Value	95% CI
			Lower	Upper
Odds ratio for severity (HTN/without HTN)		2.75	1.51	5.00
Number of valid cases		185
Significance level		p=0.001

Abbreviations: HTN, hypertension; VFD, visual field defect.

Table 4 Ocular findings of patients of POAG with and without DM

		Patients with DM	Patients without DM
IOP	Mean	16.3	15.7
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	12.2 to 20.4	14.9 to 16.5
HVFA	95% CI for mean p<0.05	−13.4 to −3.64	−5.83 to −3.86
CDR	Mean	0.74	0.61
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	0.66 to 0.82	0.58 to 0.65

Abbreviations: CDR, cup–disc ratio; DM, diabetes mellitus; HVFA, Humphrey visual field analysis; IOP, intraocular pressure; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Table 5 Severity of VFD in relation to diabetes

		Moderate/severe (%)	Mild (%)	Total (%)
Diabetes	Yes	15 (12.0)	6 (4.8)	21 (16.8)
	No	36 (28.8)	68 (54.4)	104 (83.2)
Total		51 (40.8)	74 (59.2)	125 (100)
Risk estimate			Value
Odds ratio for severity (diabetes yes/no)			4.72 (95% CI 1.69 to 13.2)
Number of valid cases			125
Significance level			p=0.0031

Abbreviation: VFD, visual field defect.

Table 6 Ocular findings of patients of POAG with HTN and DM and without HTN and DM

		Patients with HTN and DM	Patients without HTN and DM
IOP	Mean	16.0	15.7
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	13.9 to 18.0	14.9 to 16.5
HVFA	Mean	−9.08	−4.85
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	−16.9 to −1.27	−5.83 to −3.86
CDR	Mean	0.68	0.61
	95% CI for mean p<0.05	0.57 to 0.79	0.58 to 0.65

Abbreviations: CDR, cup–disc ratio; DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; HVFA, Humphrey visual field analysis; IOP, intraocular pressure; POAG, primary open-angle glaucoma.

Table 7 Severity of VFD in relation to DM and HTN

		Moderate/severe (%)	Mild (%)	Total (%)
HTN and diabetes	Yes	14 (11.8)	1 (0.8)	15 (12.6
	No	43 (36.1)	61 (51.3)	104 (87.4)
Total		57 (47.9)	62 (52.1)	119 (100)
Odds ratio (Severity with HTN and DM/without HTN and DM)				19.9
95% CI				2.52 to 156.8
z statistic				2.84
Significance level				p=0.0046

Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; HTN, hypertension; VFD, visual field defect.