Clinical potential of liraglutide in cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes: evidence to date

Figures & data

Table 1 Current US FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonists for type 2 diabetes mellitus

Brand name	Generic name	Maximum dose	Frequency	Drug company	Date of approval	Indication
Byetta^Citation28	Exenatide	10 µg	Twice daily	AstraZeneca	2005	T2DM
Bydureon^Citation29	Exenatide XR	2 mg	Once weekly	AstraZeneca	2005	T2DM
Victoza^Citation3	Liraglutide	1.8 mg	Once daily	Novo Nordisk	2010	T2DM
Trulicity^Citation30	Dulaglutide	1.5 mg	Once weekly	Eli Lilly	2014	T2DM
Adlyxin^Citation31	Lixisenatide	20 µg	Once daily	Sanofi-Aventis	2016	T2DM
Ozempic^Citation32	Semaglutide	1 mg	Once weekly	Novo Nordisk	2017	T2DM

Abbreviations: T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; XR, extended release.

Table 2 Pharmacokinetic properties of US FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonists

Brand name	Generic name	Half-life	Volume of distribution	Elimination
Byetta^Citation28	Exenatide	2.4 hours	28.3 L	Glomerular filtration
Bydureon^Citation29	Exenatide XR	2 weeks	28.3 L	Glomerular filtration
Victoza^Citation3	Liraglutide	13 hours	13 L	Urine and feces (metabolite)
Trulicity^Citation30	Dulaglutide	5 days	9.3–33 L	–
Adlyxin^Citation31	Lixisenatide	1–3.5 hours	100 L	Glomerular filtration
Ozempic^Citation32	Semaglutide	1 week	12.5 L	Urine and feces

Abbreviations: L, liters; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; XR, extended release.

Byetta® package insert Wilmington, ED AstraZeneca 2015

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Bydureon® [package insert] Wilmington, ED AstraZeneca 2017

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Victoza® package insert Plainsboro Township, NJ Novo Nordisk 2018

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Trulicity® [package insert] Indianapolis, IN Eli Lilly 2018

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Adlyxin™ [package insert] Bridgewater, NJ Sanofi-Aventis 2016

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Ozempic® [package insert] Plainsboro, NJ Novo Nordisk 2017

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