Two-way crossover comparison of insulin glargine and insulin detemir in basal-bolus therapy using continuous glucose monitoring

Figures & data

Table 1 Patient demographics and baseline characteristics

Type of diabetes (type 1/type 2)	4/5
Gender (male/female)	3/6
Age (years)	64 ± 13
Diabetes duration (years)	17 ± 11
Duration of insulin therapy (years)	9 ± 8
Weight (kg)	57.6 ± 8.0
BMI (kg/m^2)	24.2 ± 4.9
HbA1c (%)	7.9 ± 1.7
Fasting serum C-peptide (nmmol/L)	0.29 ± 0.25
Total insulin dose (U/kg/day)	0.68 ± 0.19
Basal insulin dose (U/kg/day)	0.24 ± 0.11
Bolus insulin dose (U/kg/day)	0.44 ± 0.10
Oral glucose-lowering drugs (n)
Metformin	1
Alpha glucosidase inhibitor	3

Note: Data are mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; Hb A1c, hemoglobin A1c.

Figure 1 24-hour glucose profiles of day 2 and day 3. Each point represents the mean± standard deviation of nine patients treated with insulin glargine (○) or detemir (▪).

Table 2 Comparison of glargine CGM data with detemir CGM data

	Glargine	Detemir	P value
Glycemic control
MBG (mmol/L)	9.6 ± 2.4	10.4 ± 2.8	0.038
Type 1	11.0 ± 2.5	12.2 ± 2.7	ns
Type 2	8.4 ± 1.8	9.0 ± 2.2	ns
AUC>10 (mmol/L/day)	1.2 ± 1.5	2.1 ± 2.0	0.011
Type 1	2.1 ± 1.7	3.5 ± 1.9	0.068
Type 2	0.5 ± 0.9	1.0 ± 1.3	0.080
AUC>7.8 (mmol/L/day)	2.4 ± 2.1	3.3 ± 2.5	0.008
Type 1	3.6 ± 2.2	5.0 ± 2.3	0.068
Type 2	1.4 ± 1.5	2.0 ± 1.7	0.043
t>10 (%)	37.6 ± 31.4	44.3 ± 28.6	0.051
Type 1	57.2 ± 26.3	61.7 ± 24.4	ns
Type 2	21.9 ± 27.6	30.5 ± 25.5	0.080
t>7.8 (%)	61.9 ± 24.1	63.8 ± 21.1	ns
Type 1	75.1 ± 19.2	72.3 ± 19.1	ns
Type 2	51.4 ± 23.9	57.1 ± 22.0	ns
Hypoglycemic
Total hypoglycemic (t<3.9) time (min)
Overtime	64 ± 81	97 ± 177	ns
Type 1	94 ± 89	65 ± 60	ns
Type 2	40 ± 74	122 ± 241	ns
Nighttime	42 ± 74	19 ± 48	ns
Type 1	83 ± 99	43 ± 69	ns
Type 2	10 ± 22	0 ± 0	ns
Severe hypoglycemic (t<2.8) time (min)
Overtime	18 ± 49	6 ± 11	ns
Type 1	38 ± 75	11 ± 16	ns
Type 2	3 ± 4	2 ± 4	ns
Nighttime	17 ± 50	16 ± 48	ns
Type 1	38 ± 75	36 ± 73	ns
Type 2	0 ± 0	0 ± 0	ns

Note: Data are mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: MBG, mean blood glucose; AUC, area under the curve; CGM, continuous glucose monitoring; ns, not significant.

Figure 2 Comparison of the mean of daily difference (MODD) in nine patients treated with insulin glargine or detemir. The MODD value was significantly lower with insulin glargine than with insulin detemir.

Note: *P = 0.011.

Table 3 Comparison of the intraday glycemic variability of glargine with that of detemir

	Glargine	Detemir	P value
SD (mmol/L)	2.5 ± 0.9	3.5 ± 1.6	0.011
Type 1	3.2 ± 0.8	4.6 ± 1.6	0.081
Type 2	2.0 ± 0.6	2.6 ± 1.0	ns
MAGE (mmol/L)	6.3 ± 2.4	7.8 ± 3.6	0.086
Type 1	7.8 ± 1.7	10.1 ± 3.4	ns
Type 2	5.1 ± 2.2	5.9 ± 2.7	ns
MODD (mmol/L)	2.2 ± 1.1	3.6 ± 1.7	0.011
Type 1	2.7 ± 1.2	4.7 ± 1.8	ns
Type 2	1.8 ± 0.9	2.7 ± 0.9	ns

Note: Data are mean ± SD.

Abbreviations: MAGE, mean amplitude of glycemic excursions; MODD, mean of daily difference; ns, not significant.