Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance Is Correlated to Adipokine Disorder and Inflammatory Activity in Female Knee Osteoarthritis Patients in a Chinese Population

Figures & data

Table 1 Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Participants in the CHARLS 2011 National Survey

Variables	Total	MetS	nMetS	P value
N (%)	4686	2224 (47.46%)	2462 (52.54%)	–
Age (years)	59.43 ± 9.82	60.67 ± 9.59	58.32 ± 9.89	<0.001
Height (m)	1.53 ± 0.19	1.53 ± 0.06	1.53 ± 0.25	0.944
Weight (kg)	56.23 ± 11.17	60.22 ± 10.68	52.62 ± 10.34	<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)	23.98±4.16	25.57 ± 3.82	22.55 ± 3.92	<0.001
WC (cm)	84.62 ± 12.57	90.03 ± 10.72	79.73 ± 12.12	<0.001
BP
SP (mmHg)	130.07 ± 21.99	138.65 ± 21.76	122.31 ± 19.15	<0.001
DP (mmHg)	75.10 ± 11.69	79.23 ± 11.64	71.37 ± 10.40	<0.001
FBG (mg/dl)	109.68 ± 35.47	120.04 ± 43.75	100.32 ± 21.95	<0.001
TG (mg/dl)	135.13 ± 98.85	179.82 ± 123.45	94.75 ± 37.39	<0.001
HDL-C (mg/dl)	51.79 ± 14.38	44.18 ± 11.65	58.65 ± 13.10	<0.001
METS-IR	36.20 ± 8.50	41.12 ± 7.92	31.76 ± 6.27	<0.001

Note: Data are mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: MetS, metabolic syndrome; nMetS, without metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; BP, blood pressure; SBP, systolic pressure; DP, diastolic pressure; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.

Figure 1 ROC curve analysis of METS-IR and MetS for Chinese women in the CHARLS 2011 national survey.

Table 2 Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Patients with KOA in the Present Study

Variables	Total	MetS vs nMetS
		MetS-OA		nMetS-OA	P value
N, (%)	108	57 (52.78%)	51 (47.22%)			–
Age (years)	64.65 ± 8.32	64.11 ± 7.79	65.25 ± 8.92			0.476
Height (m)	1.61 ± 0.07	1.61 ± 0.06	1.60 ± 0.07			0.206
Weight (kg)	68.57 ± 10.12	72.79 ± 9.52	63.86 ± 8.66			<0.001
BMI (kg/m^2)	26.52 ± 3.30	27.86 ± 2.99	25.02 ± 2.98			<0.001
WC (cm)	90.51 ±10.83	96.07 ± 9.25	84.30 ± 8.98			<0.001
Hypertension, n (%)	60 (55.56%)	42 (73.68%)	18 (35.29%)			<0.001
FBG (mg/dl)	98.47 ± 23.48	105.31 ± 15.99	90.82 ± 27.94			<0.001
TG (mg/dl)	197.90 ± 130.21	262.26 ± 146.64	125.96 ± 46.91			<0.001
HDL-C (mg/dl)	51.76 ± 10.57	47.59 ± 11.04	56.43 ± 7.77			<0.001
CRP (mg/mL)	5.03 ± 2.76	5.99 ± 3.01	3.95 ± 1.97			<0.001
ESR (mm/h)	17.57 ± 15.32	21.00 ± 16.16	13.73 ± 13.46			0.013
Plasma leptin (ng/mL)	16.09 ± 9.90	20.49 ± 10.23	11.17 ± 6.75			<0.001
SF leptin (ng/mL)	11.73 ± 8.10	15.29 ± 8.72	7.76 ± 4.97			<0.001
Plasma adiponectin (ng/mL)	8.61 ± 2.00	9.99 ± 0.61	6.65 ± 1.61			<0.001
SF adiponectin (ng/mL)	2.11 ± 1.80	2.71 ± 1.89	1.24 ± 1.22			<0.001
Plasma resistin (ng/mL)	7.67 ± 4.61	9.63 ± 4.65	4.07 ± 0.75			<0.001
SF resistin (ng/mL)	2.96 ± 1.72	3.08 ± 1.89	2.73 ± 1.35			0.318
METS-IR	40.29 ± 6.98	44.57 ± 5.68	35.49 ± 4.87			<0.001

Note: Data are mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: KOA, knee osteoarthritis; MetS-OA, osteoarthritis patients with metabolic syndrome; nMetS-OA, osteoarthritis patients without metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; FBG, fasting blood glucose; TG, triglycerides; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; SF, synovial fluid; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.

Table 3 Comparative Analysis of METS-IR in the MetS-OA and nMetS-OA Groups After Adjusting for BMI

Subgroup	N (MetS)	MetS %	MetS vs nMetS
			MetS-OA	nMetS-OA	P value
BMI (<25 kg/m^2)	38 (7)	18.42	37.39 ± 6.38	33.05 ± 3.29	0.013
BMI (25–30 kg/m^2)	50 (36)	72	43.58 ± 3.85	37.93 ± 4.68	<0.001
BMI (>30 kg/m^2)	20 (14)	70	50.74 ± 2.94	42.42 ± 2.05	<0.001

Note: Data are mean ± SD unless otherwise indicated.

Abbreviations: MetS, metabolic syndrome; nMetS, without metabolic syndrome; BMI, body mass index; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.

Table 4 Comparison of METS-IR in Patients with KOA with That of Participants in the CHARLS 2011 National Survey

Category			KOA	The CHARLS 2011	P value
Total
		n	108	4686
		Age (years)	64.65 ± 8.32	59.43 ± 9.82	<0.001
		METS-IR	40.29 ± 6.98	36.20 ± 8.50	<0.001
	nMetS
		n	51	2462
		Age (years)	65.25 ± 8.92	58.32 ± 9.89	<0.001
		METS-IR	35.49 ± 4.87	31.76 ± 6.27	<0.001
	MetS
		n	57	2224
		Age (years)	64.11 ± 7.79	60.67 ± 9.59	<0.001
		METS-IR	44.58 ± 5.68	41.12 ± 7.92	<0.001
Age (45–64 years)
	nMetS
		n	22	1405
		METS-IR	36.94 ± 5.50	30.18 ± 3.85	<0.001
	MetS
		n	31	790
		METS-IR	45.03 ± 6.48	40.22 ± 8.82	<0.001
Age (65–84 years)
	nMetS
		n	28	492
		METS-IR	34.30 ± 4.01	28.29 ± 3.95	<0.001
	MetS
		n	26	453
		METS-IR	44.03 ± 4.61	36.87 ± 8.08	<0.001

Note: One nMetS patient was less than 45 years old and was excluded from the calculations by age group.

Abbreviations: KOA, knee osteoarthritis; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.

Figure 2 METS-IR comparative analysis of MetS-OA and nMetS-OA groups. (A) METS-IR comparison between MetS-OA and nMetS-OA groups without adjusting for BMI. (B) METS-IR comparison between MetS-OA and nMetS-OA groups with BMI <25 kg/m². (C) METS-IR comparison between MetS-OA and nMetS-OA groups with BMI 25–30 kg/m². (D) METS-IR comparison between MetS-OA and nMetS-OA groups with BMI > 30 kg/m².

Table 5 Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis of CRP, ESR and Adipokines

Variables	Factors	β	SE	Wald	P	OR	95% CI
							Lower	Upper
CRP (mg/mL)	Age	0.024	0.029	0.666	0.415	1.024	0.967	1.084
	BMI	–0.241	0.137	3.083	0.079	0.786	0.600	1.028
	METS-IR	0.214	0.066	10.500	0.001	1.238	1.088	1.409
ESR (mm/h)	Age	0.035	0.025	1.892	0.169	1.036	0.985	1.088
	BMI	–0.140	0.116	1.437	0.231	0.870	0.692	1.093
	METS-IR	0.117	0.056	4.419	0.036	1.124	1.008	1.254
Plasma leptin (ng/mL)	Age	0.046	0.027	2.934	0.087	1.047	0.993	1.103
	BMI	0.079	0.117	0.449	0.503	1.082	0.860	1.361
	METS-IR	0.116	0.033	12.120	0.000	1.123	1.052	1.199
SF leptin (ng/mL)	Age	0.037	0.031	1.395	0.238	1.038	0.976	1.104
	BMI	0.008	0.130	0.003	0.954	1.008	0.781	1.300
	METS-IR	0.165	0.062	7.136	0.008	1.179	1.045	1.331
Plasma adiponectin (ng/mL)	Age	0.033	0.026	1.675	0.196	1.034	0.983	1.088
	BMI	0.128	0.121	1.127	0.289	1.137	0.897	1.441
	METS-IR	–0.145	0.059	6.101	0.014	0.865	0.771	0.971
SF adiponectin (ng/mL)	Age	–0.017	0.025	0.449	0.503	0.983	0.936	1.033
	BMI	0.098	0.116	0.720	0.396	1.103	0.879	1.384
	METS-IR	–0.100	0.056	3.199	0.074	0.905	0.811	1.010
Plasma resistin (ng/mL)	Age	0.027	0.027	0.990	0.320	1.027	0.974	1.083
	BMI	–1.192	0.126	2.336	0.126	0.825	0.645	1.056
	METS-IR	0.126	0.058	4.629	0.031	1.134	1.011	1.271
SF resistin (ng/mL)	Age	0.047	0.025	3.433	0.064	1.048	0.997	1.101
	BMI	0.043	0.109	0.157	0.692	1.044	0.844	1.292
	METS-IR	0.013	0.051	0.069	0.793	1.013	0.917	1.119

Notes: Using the median as the cut-off value, CRP, ESR, and adipokines were converted into binary variables for multiple logistic regression analysis. The median of each indicator is as follows: CRP: 3.40 mg/mL, ESR: 14.50 mm/h, plasma leptin: 15.57 ng/mL, SF leptin: 10.8 ng/mL, plasma adiponectin: 9.05 ng/mL, SF adiponectin: 1.34 ng/mL, plasma resistin: 6.03 ng/mL, SF resistin: 3.08 ng/mL.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; SF, synovial fluid; METS-IR, metabolic score for insulin resistance.