Median Nerve Affection in Hypertensive Patients with and without Diabetes High-Resolution Ultrasound Assessment

Figures & data

Table 1 Comparison Between the Studied Groups Regarding the Clinical Data

	HTN N=50	HTN + DM N=50	DM N=50	Controls N=50	P value
Age (years) mean ± SD	50.9 ± 8.7	53.8 ± 14.5	55.6 ± 13.9	49.9 ± 12.2	0.09
Male/female n	25/25	31/19	29/21	27/23	0.65
BMI (kg/m^2) mean ± SD	29.4 ± 5.8	29.1 ± 6.8	30.7 ± 6.8	27.3 ± 5.9	0.16
Disease duration (years) mean ± SD	12.7 ± 11.7	14.1 ± 7.4	12.1 ± 6.0	–	0.52
Associated morbidities n (%)
IHD	7 (14.0)	13 (26.0)#	4 (8.0)	–	0.044
COPD	3 (6.0)	2 (4.0)	5 (10.0)	–	0.47
Retinopathy	4 (8.0)	8 (16.0)	7 (14.0)	–	0.46
Nephropathy	3 (6.0)	9 (18.0)	5 (10.0)	–	0.16
Neuropathy	–	17 (34.0)	11 (22.0)	–	0.18
Severity of neuropathy
Mild	–	1 (2.0)	4 (8.0)	–	0.027
Moderate	–	3 (6.0)	4 (8.0)	–
Severe	–	13 (26.0)	3 (6.0)	–
SBP (mmHg) mean ± SD	149.2 ± 17.2 *#$	158.3 ± 22.4 #$	114.9 ± 9.0	113.4 ± 7.9	<0.001
DBP (mmHg) mean ± SD	95.9 ± 7.5 *#$	97.4 ± 11.2 #$	74.5 ± 5.4	76.4 ± 3.7	<0.001
TCSS mean ± SD	2.9 ± 1.6 *#	6.8 ± 4.9 #$	4.7 ± 3.4 $	2.8 ± 1.9	<0.001
FBS (mg/dl) mean ± SD	90.6 ± 10.7 *#	218.5 ± 83.1 #$	168.4 ± 43.3 $	93.9 ± 10.4	<0.001
Cholesterol (mg/dl) mean ± SD	184.4 ± 22.0 *#$	265.3 ± 114.8 $	256.6 ± 41.9 $	158.1 ± 11.7	<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dl) mean ± SD	229.1 ± 28.8 *$	271.8 ± 101.6 #$	238.5 ± 37.4 $	178.5 ± 18.2	<0.001
HbA1c (%) mean ± SD	5.0 ± 0.6 *#	9.5 ± 1.6 #$	10.1 ± 1.4 $	4.7 ± 0.4	<0.001
VPT (V) mean ± SD	13.8 ± 4.4 *#$	21.9 ± 7.8 #$	18.3 ± 7.3 $	10.2 ± 4.5	<0.001
Median nerve CSA mean ± SD	8.7 ± 0.9 *#$	11.7 ± 1.9 #$	10.3 ± 1.6 $	8.0 ± 0.6	<0.001

Notes: Data presented as number and percent or mean ± SD. *significant results versus HTN + MD group, ^#significant results versus DM group, $ significant results versus controls.

Abbreviations: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, DBP, diastolic blood pressure, FBS, fasting blood sugar, IHD, ischemic heart disease, SBP, systolic blood pressure, TCSS, toronto clinical severity score, VPT, vibration perception thresholds.

Figure 1 Median nerve CSA in the studied groups.

Figure 2 ROC curve for median nerve CSA distinguishes patients with peripheral neuropathy in HTN + DM group.

Figure 3 ROC curve for median nerve CSA distinguishes patients with peripheral neuropathy in DM group.

Table 2 Correlation Between Median Nerve CSA and Clinical Data in the Studied Patients

	HTN		HTN + DM		DM
	r	p	r	p	r	p
Age	0.15	0.3	−0.25	0.08	0.05	0.73
BMI	0.06	0.66	−0.1	0.51	0.02	0.91
Disease duration	−0.12	0.39	0.1	0.49	0.29	0.043
SBP	−0.1	0.5	−0.01	0.94	0.08	0.58
DBP	0.01	0.94	0.14	0.34	0.15	0.31
TCSS	0.08	0.57	0.59	<0.001	0.52	<0.001
FBS	−0.14	0.33	0.23	0.1	−0.07	0.61
Cholesterol	0.19	0.19	−0.1	0.48	0.13	0.39
Triglycerides	−0.13	0.37	−0.07	0.62	0.12	0.39
HbA1c (%)	−0.09	0.55	0.33	0.018	−0.13	0.38
VPT (V)	0.44	0.002	0.39	0.005	0.46	0.001

Abbreviation: HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin.