Application of Metabolomics in Various Types of Diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1 List of several metabolic markers of diabetes included in this review

List of Several Metabolic Markers of Diabetes Included in this Review	Disorder of Amino Acid Metabolism	Disorders of Fatty Acid Metabolism
Type 1 diabetes	Methionine↓	Lysophosphatidylcholine↓, Ceramide↑
Type 2 diabetes	Glycine↓, Asparagine↓, Glutamate↑, Phenylalanine↑, Histidine↑, Glutamine↓, Leucine↓.	Lysophosphatidylcholine ↓ Dihydrosphingosine↓, phytosphingosine↓, triglycerides↑, HDL cholesterol↓, LDL cholesterol particles↓, palmitic acid↑, linoleic acid↑, 2-hydroxybutyric acid.
Diabetic complications
1) Diabetic foot	Leucine↓, Isoleucine↓, Arginine↓, Threonine↓ Glutamine↓	β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyric acid↓.
2) Diabetic kidney	Citrate↑Leucine↓	Acylcarnitine↑.
3) Diabetic eye	/	/
Gestational diabetes mellitus	Lysine↓	Triglycerides↑

Notes: “↑” indicates positive correlation, “↓” indicates negative correlation.