New Discovered Adipokines Associated with the Pathogenesis of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes

Figures & data

Table 1 Newly Discovered Adipokines’ Effect on the Pathogenesis of Obesity and T2DM

Adipokines	Obesity	T2DM
		Positive Effects	Negative Impacts
FSTL1	↑adipogenesis^Citation9	–	↑IR^Citation8
			↓insulin signal transduce^Citation8
WISP1/CCN4	↑hepatic steatosis^Citation17	↑β cell proliferation^Citation19	↑skeletal muscle IR^Citation17
			↓insulin action^Citation18
Asprosin	↑appetite^Citation24	–	↑hepatic glucose release^Citation22 and blood glucose^Citation27,Citation28
			↑β cell inflammation, dysfunction, apoptosis^Citation25,Citation26
SFRP5	–	↑glucose clearance and insulin sensitivity^Citation43	↑hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance^Citation44
			↓β cell proliferation^Citation45
Metrnl/Subfatin	↑energy expenditure^Citation55	↑glucose tolerance^Citation55,Citation56	–
		↑β cell proliferation^Citation57
NRG4	↓adiposity^Citation74	↑insulin sensitivity^Citation74	↑hepatic gluconeogenesis^Citation78
	↓fatty liver^Citation72,Citation77	↑insulin secretion^Citation76
FAM19A5	–	–	–

Notes: “↑”and “↓” represent “promote” and “inhibit” respectively.

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