Chemical Constituents and Antidiabetic Activity of Dichloromethane Extract from Ficus carica Leaves

Figures & data

Figure 1 Effects of the dichloromethane extract on FBG (mmol/L) level in diabetic mice.

Notes: ^##P < 0.05 vs NC group; *P < 0.05 vs DM group; **P < 0.01 vs DM group. Data were expressed as means ±SD (n = 7).

Abbreviations: NC, normal control; DM, diabetic model; Pio, pioglitazone; FCLE-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (500 mg/kg); FCLE-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (1000 mg/kg); FCLP-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (500 mg/kg); FCLP-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (1000 mg/kg).

Figure 2 Effects of the dichloromethane extract on glucose tolerance in diabetic mice. (A) OGTT; (B) AUC.

Notes: ^##P < 0.05 vs NC group; *P < 0.05 vs DM group; ** P < 0.01 vs DM group. Data were expressed as means ±SD (n = 7).

Abbreviations: NC, normal control; DM, diabetic model; Pio, pioglitazone; FCLE-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (500 mg/kg); FCLE-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (1000 mg/kg); FCLP-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (500 mg/kg); FCLP-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (1000 mg/kg).

Figure 3 Effects of the dichloromethane extract on blood lipids and HbA1c in diabetic mice. (A) TG; (B) TC; (C) HbA1c.

Notes: ^##P < 0.05 vs NC group; *P < 0.05 vs DM group; **P < 0.01 vs DM group. Data were expressed as means ±SD (n = 7).

Abbreviations: NC, normal control; DM, diabetic model; Pio, pioglitazone; FCLE-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (500 mg/kg); FCLE-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract (1000 mg/kg); FCLP-500, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (500 mg/kg); FCLP-1000, Ficus carica leaves dichloromethane extract removed the psoralen (1000 mg/kg).

Figure 4 Histopathology of pancreatic tissue in mice of each group (HE 200X). The arrows show the islets of the pancreas. (A) NC group; (B) Pio group; (C) DM group; (D) FCLE-500 group; (E) FCLE-1000 group; (F) FCLP-500 group; (G) FCLP-1000 group.

Figure 5 Structures of isolated compounds.

Figure 6 Effects of the isolated compounds on HepG2 cells viability.

Figure 7 Effects of compounds on glucose consumption of HepG2 cells.

Notes: ^##P < 0.05 vs the NC group; *P < 0.05 vs the PA group; **P < 0.01 vs the PA group.