Pre-Procedure Blood Sugar Levels in Diabetic and High-Risk Patients Visiting King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital: The Role of the Dentist in Diabetes Screening

Figures & data

Box 1 ADA Criteria for Screening for Diabetes or Prediabetes in Asymptomatic Adults

1. Testing should be considered in adults with overweight or obesity (BMI ≥25 kg/m^2 or ≥23 kg/m^2 in Asian American individuals) who have one or more of the following risk factors:
First-degree relative with diabetes
High-risk race/ethnicity (eg, African American, Latino, Native American, Asian American, Pacific Islander)
History of CVD
Hypertension (≥130/80 mmHg or on therapy for hypertension)
HDL cholesterol level <35 mg/dL (0.90 mmol/L) and/or a triglyceride level >250 mg/dL (2.82 mmol/L)
Individuals with polycystic ovary syndrome
Physical inactivity
Other clinical conditions associated with insulin resistance (eg, severe obesity, acanthosis nigricans)
2. People with prediabetes (A1C ≥5.7% [39 mmol/mol], IGT, or IFG) should be tested yearly.
3. People who were diagnosed with GDM should have lifelong testing at least every 3 years.
4. For all other people, testing should begin at age 35 years.
5. If results are normal, testing should be repeated at a minimum of 3-year intervals, with consideration of more frequent testing depending on initial results and risk status.
6. People with HIV

Notes: Reproduced from American Diabetes Association. ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al. 2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes: Standards of Care in Diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023;46:S19–S40. Copyright and all rights reserved. Material from this publication has been used with the permission of American Diabetes Association.¹²

Table 1 Demographics and Characteristics of the Study Sample

		Diabetic	High Risk
Total Number		354	341
Gender	Female	194 (55%)	167 (49%)
	Male	160 (45%)	174 (51%)
Age		Mean: 52 years	Mean: 46 years
History of Hypertension		144 (40.7%)	24 (7%)
History of Cardiovascular Disease		14 (4%)	4 (1.2%)
Family History of DM		161 (45%)	35 (10%)

Table 2 Random Glucose Levels for High-Risk Participants

	N	N %
<200 mm/dL	236	69.2%
>200 mm/dL	105	30.8%
Total	341

Table 3 Random Glucose Levels for the Diabetic Participants

	N	N %
<140 mg/dL	100	28.2%
140-<200 mg/dL	92	26.0%
200–300 mg/dL	91	25.7%
>300 mg/dL	71	20.1%

Table 4 Logistic Regression for Random Blood Glucose Level (<200 and >200) in the High-Risk Group

	P value	OR	95% C.I Lower	95% C.I Upper
Age	0.03*	1.02	1.00	1.03
Gender	0.57	0.87	0.55	1.39

Note: *Statistically significant at P < 0.05.

ElSayed NA, Aleppo G, Aroda VR, et al. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of care in diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care. 2023;46:S19–S40. doi:10.2337/dc23-S002

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