Dapagliflozin Improves Erythropoiesis and Iron Metabolism in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Renal Anemia

Figures & data

Table 1 Baseline Characteristics of All Treated Patients

Variables	Full Analysis Set
n (male/female)	14 (6/8)
Age, years	74.9 ± 5.5
BMI, kg/m^2	23.4 ± 1.9
HbA1c, %	7.3 ± 0.9
Hemoglobin, g/dL	11.6 ± 0.6
eGFR, mL/min/1.73m^2	40.6 ± 8.2
UACR, mg/gCr	334.5 ± 485.8
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	137.2 ± 12.3
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	73.0 ± 7.2
Total cholesterol, mg/dL	176.6 ± 32.4
HDL cholesterol, mg/dL	57.0 ± 10.1

Note: Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; UACR, urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.

Figure 1 The changes in hemoglobin levels from baseline at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the start of dapagliflozin treatment in the full analysis set (FAS) (upper panel) and per-protocol set (PPS) (lower panel). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs 0 weeks by paired t-test.

Figure 2 The changes in hematocrit, red blood cell count, reticulocyte count, and serum erythropoietin level between baseline and 12 weeks after the start of dapagliflozin treatment in the full analysis set (FAS) (upper panel) and per-protocol set (PPS) (lower panel). **P < 0.01 vs 0 weeks by paired t-test.

Figure 3 The changes in log hepcidin, log ferritin, TSAT, and serum iron level between baseline and 12 weeks after the start of dapagliflozin treatment in the full analysis set (FAS) (upper panel) and per-protocol set (PPS) (lower panel). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs 0 weeks by paired t-test. TSAT, transferrin saturation.

Figure 4 Relationship between the change in log hepcidin and the change in log ferritin, iron, transferrin saturation (TSAT), or hemoglobin at week 12. r, correlation coefficient.

Table 2 Changes in Body Composition Indices Levels

Variables	Full Analysis Set (n = 14)			Per-Protocol Set (n = 11)
	Week 0	Week 12	P value	Week 0	Week 12	P value
Body weight, kg	55.8 ± 8.5	54.7 ± 8.7	<0.01	57.3 ± 8.8	56.3 ± 8.8	0.02
Body fat mass, kg	11.8 ± 3.8	11.8 ± 4.2	0.91	10.7 ± 2.8	10.7 ± 3.6	0.99
Lean body mass, kg	44.0 ± 10.2	42.9 ± 10.0	0.19	46.6 ± 9.6	45.6 ± 9.3	0.32
Mineral mass, kg	3.3 ± 0.5	3.2 ± 0.5	0.02	3.4 ± 0.6	3.3 ± 0.5	0.11
Muscle mass, kg	40.7 ± 9.6	39.7 ± 9.5	0.21	43.3 ± 9.1	42.3 ± 8.8	0.34
Protein mass, kg	9.1 ± 2.3	8.9 ± 2.3	0.29	9.7 ± 2.2	9.5 ± 2.1	0.42
Body water content, kg	31.6 ± 7.3	30.9 ± 7.2	0.19	33.6 ± 6.9	32.8 ± 6.7	0.32
Intracellular water, kg	19.5 ± 4.6	18.8 ± 4.7	0.10	20.9 ± 4.1	20.1 ± 4.5	0.15
Extracellular water, kg	12.1 ± 3.0	12.1 ± 2.7	0.90	12.7 ± 3.1	12.7 ± 2.6	0.92

Note: Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation.

Figure 5 Relationship between the change in hemoglobin and the change in body water content and mineral mass at week 12. r, correlation coefficient.

Figure 6 In the full analysis set (FAS) (upper panel) and per-protocol set (PPS), the changes in HbA1c, BMI, and eGFR levels between baseline and 12 weeks after the start of dapagliflozin treatment are shown (lower panel). **P < 0.01 vs 0 weeks by paired t-test.

Abbreviations: HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; BMI, body mass index; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate.