Study on the Association Between Dietary Quality and Overweight/Obesity of Han Nationality with Cold in Yunnan Plateau by DBI-16 – A Study Based on a Multi-Ethnic Cohort in China

Figures & data

Figure 1 Flowchart of paticipants recruitments and study inclusion.

Table 1 Dietary Patterns of DBI-16

Patterns	Definition	Diagram
A	DBI-LBS ≤ 20, DBI-HBS≤10
B	20 < DBI-LBS ≤ 40, DBI-HBS≤10
C	DBI-LBS > 40, DBI-HBS≤10
D	DBI-LBS ≤ 20, 10 < DBI-HBS ≤ 20
E	20 < DBI-LBS ≤ 40, 10 < DBI-HBS ≤ 20
F	DBI-LBS > 40, 10 < DBI-HBS ≤ 20
G	DBI-LBS ≤ 20, DBI-HBS > 20
H	20 < DBI-LBS ≤ 40, DBI-HBS > 20
I	DBI-LBS > 40, DBI-HBS > 20

Notes: DBI-16 dietary pattern divides DBI-LBS into three levels, below 20 points, 20–40 points and above 40 points; DBI-HBS is also divided into three levels: below 10 points, 10–20 points and above 20 points; Then, the above DBI-LBS and DBI-HBS were combined at different score levels, and 9 dietary patterns were established, including A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I.

Abbreviations: DBI-LBS, Dietary Balance Index-low bound score; DBI-HBS, Dietary Balance Index-high bound score.

Table 2 Basic Demographic Characteristics of the Normal Group 1 and the Obese Group; Normal Group 2 and the Overweight Group [n (%)]

Variable	All Participants^a	NG1 (n = 308)	OG (n = 308)	P	All Participants^b	NG2 (n = 186)	OWG (n = 186)	P
Age (years)	51.95±9.10	51.58 ± 8.89	52.32 ± 9.31	0.219	51.59±9.08	51.89 ± 9.09	51.29 ± 9.08	0.431
Sex
Male	194 (31.5)	97 (31.5)	97 (31.5)	–	134 (36.0)	67 (36.0)	67 (36.0)	–
Female	422 (68.5)	211 (68.5)	211 (68.5)		238 (64.0)	119 (64.0)	119 (64.0)
Education, n (%)
Illiterate	173 (28.1)	82 (26.6)	91 (29.5)	0.797	98 (26.3)	54 (29.0)	44 (23.7)	0.379
Elementary school	247 (40.1)	128 (41.6)	119 (38.6)		132 (35.5)	67 (36.0)	65 (34.9)
Middle school	147 (23.9)	75 (24.4)	72 (23.4)		108 (29.1)	52 (28.0)	56 (30.1)
High school and above	49 (8.0)	23 (7.5)	26 (8.4)		34 (9.1)	13 (7.0)	21 (11.3)
Marital status, n (%)
Married/Cohabit	562 (91.2)	280 (90.9)	282 (91.6)	0.776	349 (93.8)	174 (93.5)	175 (94.1)	0.830
Widowed/single/divorced/separation	54 (8.8)	28 (9.1)	26 (8.4)		23 (6.2)	12 (6.5)	11 (5.9)
Physical activity, n (%)
Low	209 (33.9)	93 (30.2)	116 (37.7)	0.103	119 (32.0)	59 (31.7)	60 (32.3)	0.713
Middle	200 (32.5)	110 (35.7)	90 (29.2)		131 (35.2)	69 (37.1)	62 (33.3)
High	207 (33.6)	105 (34.1)	102 (33.1)		122 (32.8)	58 (31.2)	64 (34.4)
Blood indicators
WBC	6.6 (5.5, 7.7)	6.1 (5.2, 7.3)	6.8 (5.8, 7.9)	<0.001	6.5 (5.5, 7.8)	6.9 (5.8, 7.9)	6.91±1.62	0.019
RBC	4.9 (4.6, 5.3)	4.8 (4.5, 5.2)	5.1 (4.8, 5.4)	<0.001	5.0 (4.7, 5.3)	5.0 (4.7, 5.3)	4.9(4.7. 5.3)	0.210
HCT	94.6 (91.2, 97.1)	94.9 (91.8, 97.5)	94.1 (90.4, 96.8)	0.023	94.3 (91.3, 97.3)	93.6 (91.3, 97.2)	94.8 (91.4, 97.7)	0.206
MCV	46.2(43.9, 49.5)	45.3 (43.0, 48.7)	47.4 (44.8, 50.3)	<0.001	46.6 (44.0, 49.6)	46.8 (44.2, 49.7)	46.84±4.33	0.491
PLT	204.0 (174.3, 249.0)	208.98±54.28	204 .0(172.5, 249.0)	0.647	208.0 (178.0, 244.0)	208.0 (178.5, 256.0)	215.49±57.49	0.517
PCT	0.21±0.05	0.21±0.05	0.21±0.05	0.115	0.21±0.05	0.21±0.04	0.21±0.05	0.184
HGB	150.0 (142.0, 161.0)	146.0 (139.0, 157.0)	153.0 (145.0, 163.8)	<0.001	150.0 (142.0, 161.0)	152.0 (143.0, 162.0)	151.59±14.63	0.622
MONO	4.3 (3.4, 5.4)	4.40±1.70	4.3 (3.4, 5.4)	0.446	4.2 (3.4, 5.3)	4.3 (3.4, 5.2)	4.40±1.48	0.992
HR	74.0 (67.0, 82.0)	73.0(66.0, 80.0)	75.0 (68.0, 84.0)	0.003	73.0 (67.0, 80.0)	72.0 (67.0, 80.0)	74.0 (68.0, 82.0)	0.118
Serum adipokines
Leptin	6685.1 (3258.4, 12,914.5)	3832.8 (1951.3, 6129.9)	12,265.9 (7466.7, 17,596.3)	<0.001	5834.3 (2892.8, 10,978.1)	9767.9 (5670.5, 14,332.9)	3571.9 (1462.9, 6271.6)	<0.001
Visfatin	16.3 (13.2, 19.5)	16.3 (12.9 19.4)	16.4 (13.4, 19.8)	0.373	16.1 (13.2, 20.2)	16.3(13.3, 20.1)	16.73±4.97	0.919
A-FABP	14346.6 (10,293.8, 20,108.7)	11,103.2 (8561.1, 14,879.6)	18,439.5 (13,888.1, 23,526.2)	<0.001	13,139.1 (9707.8, 18,102.4)	16,305.4 (12,438.2, 20,576. 1)	10,387.4 (7884.0, 13,594.3)	<0.001

Notes: Data presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range) for continuous variables or number (%) for categorical variables. P values derived from the analysis of t-test or Mann–Whitney U-test (continuous variables) or Chi-square tests (categorical variables). ^aRepresents normal group 1 and obese group, ^bRepresents normal group 2 and overweight group.

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group.

Table 3 The DBI-16 Component Score and the Percentage of Participants with Each Score [n (%)]

Group	Scores	Cereal	Vegetable	Fruit	Dairy	Bean	Poultry	Fish	Egg	Cooking oil	Alcoholic beverage	Addible sugar	Salt	Diet Variety
Normal group 1 (n = 308)	(−12) – (−11)	16.56
	(−10) – (−9)	9.09												0.32
	(−8) – (−7)	17.21												4.87
	(−6) – (−5)	12.66	5.19	24.35	83.12	1.30								6.49
	(−4) – (−3)	11.69	24.03	21.43	11.36	2.27	13.96	74.35	40.91					2.27
	(−2) – (−1)	9.09	32.47	20.13	4.55	3.90	20.13	16.56	28.90					46.75
	0–1	8.44	38.31	34.09	0.97	92.53	9.42	9.09	22.40	36.69	85.71	97.08	65.91	39.29
	2–3	4.55					21.43		3.57	13.96	4.22	0.32	22.08
	4–5	4.22					35.06		4.22	13.64	3.25	1.30	4.55
	6–7	1.30								35.71	6.82	1.30	7.47
	8–9	1.95
	10–11	0.97
	12	2.27
Obese group (n = 308)	(−12) – (−11)	16.56
	(−10) – (−9)	10.39												0.32
	(−8) – (−7)	12.66												3.57
	(−6) – (−5)	12.01	5.19	16.88	80.19	2.60								6.17
	(−4) – (−3)	8.77	23.70	25.32	12.01	2.92	11.69	73.38	39.61					3.25
	(−2) – (−1)	11.04	32.47	25.00	5.19	5.19	25.00	17.21	27.27					45.45
	0–1	9.42	38.64	32.79	2.60	89.29	12.66	9.42	24.35	27.27	89.94	97.08	63.64	41.23
	2–3	6.17					17.53		5.19	17.86	2.60	0.97	25.00
	4–5	3.57					33.12		3.57	10.71	3.90	1.30	3.90
	6–7	2.27								44.16	3.57	0.65	7.47
	8–9	1.95
	10–11	1.30
	12	3.90
Normal group 2 (n = 186)	(−12) – (−11)	16.67
	(−10) – (−9)	15.05												0.54
	(−8) – (−7)	8.60												4.30
	(−6) – (−5)	11.83	5.91	19.89	80.65	2.69								4.84
	(−4) – (−3)	10.75	27.42	19.35	13.44	4.30	11.29	74.19	38.71					5.38
	(−2) – (−1)	12.37	30.11	25.81	5.91	4.84	21.51	18.28	29.03					41.40
	0–1	7.53	36.56	34.95	0.00	88.17	14.52	7.53	23.66	32.80	83.87	96.24	58.06	43.55
	2–3	4.30					24.73		2.15	17.20	2.15	0.54	32.80
	4–5	2.69					27.96		6.45	11.83	5.38	2.69	4.30
	6–7	1.61								38.17	8.60	0.54	4.84
	8–9	3.23
	10–11	1.08
	12	4.30
Overweight group (n = 186)	(−12) – (−11)	21.51
	(−10) – (−9)	8.06												1.08
	(−8) – (−7)	16.13												5.91
	(−6) – (−5)	12.37	4.30	26.88	87.10	1.61								5.91
	(−4) – (−3)	11.83	25.27	19.35	9.68	3.23	13.98	68.28	49.46					3.76
	(−2) – (−1)	8.60	32.26	26.88	2.15	8.60	22.58	21.51	26.34					45.70
	0–1	11.29	38.17	26.88	1.08	86.56	11.29	10.22	18.82	37.63	88.17	97.85	69.89	37.63
	2–3	3.23					13.44		2.69	13.44	3.76	2.15	19.89
	4–5	2.15					38.71		2.69	11.29	3.76		5.38
	6–7	1.61								37.63	4.30		4.84
	8–9	2.15
	10–11	0.54
	12	0.54

Notes: In normal group 1 and normal group 2, the residents’ intake of poultry and beans is at a normal level. About 70% of the residents in the two groups have the scores of cereals, vegetables and fruits lower than the recommended intake.

Table 4 The Distribution of DBI Indicators Among Participants [n (%)]

Indicators	Group	Almost No Problem	Moderate Level	Low Level	Middle Level	High Level	χ^2	P
HBS	NG 1 (n = 308)	42 (13.6)	137 (44.5)	116 (37.7)	11 (3.6)	2 (0.6)	4.395	0.355
	OG (n = 308)	29 (9.4)	146 (47.4)	113 (36.7)	18 (5.8)	2 (0.6)
LBS	NG1 (n = 308)	0 (0.0)	42 (13.6)	180 (58.4)	55 (17.9)	31 (10.1)	3.827	0.281
	OG (n = 308)	0 (0.0)	60 (19.5)	169 (54.9)	51 (16.6)	28 (9.1)
DQD	NG1 (n = 308)	0 (0.0)	17 (5.5)	206 (66.9)	83 (26.9)	2 (0.6)	0.150	1.000
	OG (n = 308)	0 (0.0)	17 (5.5)	207 (67.2)	82 (26.6)	2 (0.6)
HBS	NG 2 (n = 186)	17 (9.1)	88 (47.3)	68 (36.6)	12 (6.5)	1 (0.5)	12.868	0.007
	OWG (n = 186)	32 (17.2)	86 (46.2)	66 (35.5)	2 (1.1)	0(0.0)
LBS	NG 2 (n = 186)	0 (0.0)	38 (20.4)	91 (48.9)	39 (21.0)	18 (9.7)	2.631	0.452
	OWG (n = 186)	0 (0.0)	27 (14.5)	94 (50.5)	42 (22.6)	23 (12.4)
DQD	NG 2 (n = 186)	0 (0.0)	10 (5.4)	122 (65.6)	52 (28.0)	2 (1.1)	4.514	0.172
	OWG (n = 186)	0 (0.0)	15 (8.1)	108 (58.1)	63 (33.9)	0 (0.0)

Notes: Data presented as number (%) for categorical variables. P values derived from the analysis of Chi-square tests.

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group.

Table 5 Comparison of Dietary Related Indicators Between Groups

Indicators	Group		Z	P
Macro-nutrients	NG1 (n = 308)	OG (n = 308)
Total energy (Kcal/d)	2540.99 (1827.00, 3743.03)	2907.92 (2009.37, 3951.38)	−1.784	0.074
Carbohydrate (g/d)	280.68 (186.87, 422.39)	337.56 (219.37, 477.81)	−2.633	0.008
Protein (g/d)	80.32 (52.07, 168.23)	93.49 (55.46, 161.07)	−1.240	0.215
Fat (g/d)	115.28 (87.89, 158.75)	120.66 (86.86, 159.14)	−0.373	0.709
Types of food (g/d)
Cereal	160.74 (81.00, 295.35)	181.32 (82.69, 323.93)	−1.501	0.133
Vegetable	388.55 (226.21, 573.86)	399.23 (255.57, 586.72)	−0.728	0.467
Fruit	203.89 (59.11, 393.81)	235.67 (105.55, 382.99)	−1.423	0.155
Dairy	0.00 (0.00, 33.33)	0.00 (0.00, 40.04)	−0.497	0.619
Bean	71.88 (37.38, 118.50)	76.61 (37.86, 128.93)	−0.980	0.327
Poultry	108.96 (56.17, 169.34)	111.33 (58.51, 166.03)	−0.525	0.600
Fish	17.23 (6.47, 38.32)	17.97 (6.67, 36.65)	−0.455	0.649
Egg	21.43 (5.07, 50.00)	21.43 (6.06, 50.00)	−0.378	0.706
Cooking oil	44.44 (22.22, 66.67)	50.00 (33.33, 75.00)	−2.549	0.011
Salt	5.00 (2.25, 8.33)	5.56 (3.33, 8.33)	−1.603	0.109
Alcoholic beverage	0.00 (0.00, 6.67)	0.00 (0.00, 3.29)	−1.563	0.118
Addible sugar	1.43 (0.11, 7.14)	1.67 (0.06, 7.14)	−0.266	0.791
DBI score
HBS	8.00 (4.00, 12.00)	9.00 (6.00, 12.00)	−1.137	0.255
LBS	20.00 (15.00, 26.00)	19.00 (14.00, 25.00)	−1.420	0.155
TS	−10.00 (−-19.75, −5.00)	−10.00 (−17.00, −3.00)	−1.270	0.204
DQD	29.00 (24.00, 35.00)	29.50 (24.00, 35.00)	−0.385	0.700
Macro-nutrients	NG2 (n =186)	OWG (n = 186)
Total energy (Kcal/d)	2473.50 (1929.50, 3443.75)	2821.00 (2106.50, 3957.25)	−2.695	0.007
Carbohydrate (g/d)	264.50 (192.00, 408.50)	310.50 (218.00, 470.50)	−2.328	0.020
Protein (g/d)	77.50 (53.00, 146.25)	99.50 (60.00, 177.25)	−2.460	0.014
Fat (g/d)	115.00 (87.00, 149.00)	126.00 (100.50, 160.50)	−2.190	0.029
Macro-nutrients	NG2 (n =186)	OWG (n = 186)
Types of food (g/d)
Cereal	166.39 (68.92, 289.47)	169.03 (67.59, 276.43)	−0.509	0.611
Vegetable	401.74 (229.81, 567.13)	397.69 (253.22, 591.08)	−0.488	0.625
Fruit	224.05 (96.65, 387.29)	216.53 (47.43, 326.58)	−1.331	0.183
Dairy	0.21 (0.00, 35.71)	0.00 (0.00, 16.67)	−2.569	0.010
Bean	70.93 (35.70, 118.38)	62.44 (34.01, 113.75)	−0.400	0.689
Poultry	107.95 (62.00, 166.81)	113.63 (64.10, 197.61)	−1.030	0.303
Fish	16.07 (6.16, 35.89)	21.43 (7.39, 46.44)	−1.763	0.078
Egg	21.43 (3.33, 50.00)	15.11 (2.06, 36.61)	−1.730	0.084
Cooking oil	46.74 (28.09, 70.56)	45.83 (25.00, 66.67)	−0.572	0.567
Salt	5.88 (3.11, 8.33)	5.56 (2.71, 8.33)	−1.273	0.203
Alcoholic beverage	0.00 (0.00, 8.33)	0.00 (0.00, 2.19)	−1.983	0.047
Addible sugar	1.43 (0.11, 5.71)	1.00 (0.00, 6.79)	−1.143	0.253
DBI score
HBS	9.00 (6.00, 12.00)	8.00 (4.00, 11.00)	−2.213	0.027
LBS	20.00 (13.00, 26.00)	21.00 (16.00, 28.00)	−1.879	0.060
TS	−11.00 (−17.00, −3.00)	−13.00 (−21.00, −6.75)	−2.543	0.011
DQD	31.00 (24.00, 36.00)	30.00 (24.75, 37.00)	−0.308	0.758

Notes: Demonstrates the comparison of dietary related indicators among groups. From the comparative analysis of macro-nutrient level, the carbohydrate intake of obese group was higher than normal group 1 (P < 0.05); the total energy, carbohydrate, protein and fat intake of overweight group were higher than normal group 2 (P < 0.05); from the comparative analysis of food categories level, the intake level of cooking oil in obese group was higher than normal group 1 (P < 0.05) and the dairy, alcoholic beverage intake level of overweight group was lower than normal group 2 (P < 0.05). Compared with the normal group 2, the overweight group had significantly lower scores of HBS, and TS (P < 0.05).

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group; CHO, Carbohydrate.

Table 6 Comparison of Serum Adipokines and UCP1 Levels Among Groups Under Different Dietary Patterns

Dietary Pattern	Group	Leptin (pg/mL)	Visfatin (pg/mL)	A-FABP (pg/mL)	UCP1 (ng/mL)
Dietary patterns A	NG 1 (n = 162)	3991.86 (1879.25, 6212.07)	16.33 (13.21, 19.18)	11,055.68 (8168.56, 14,916.17)	0.44 (0.23, 1.31)
	OG (n = 179)	12,712.31 (6708.88, 17,924.45)	16.55 (13.37, 20.29)	18,120.15 (13,568.93, 23,265.59)	0.44 (0.21, 1.07)
	Z	−10.924	−1.016	−9.755	−0.675
	P	< 0.001	0.310	< 0.001	0.499
Dietary patterns E	NG 1 (n = 108)	3193.93 (1749.79, 6080.48)	15.18 (12.09, 19.22)	10,843.34 (8703.97, 15,018.25)	0.53 (0.25, 1.15)
	OG (n = 94)	12,400.25 (8640.53, 17,130.03)	16.28 (13.45, 18.76)	17,850.44 (13,839.23, 24,002.28)	0.59 (0.24, 1.08)
	Z	−10.012	−0.645	−7.410	−0.071
	P	< 0.001	0.519	< 0.001	0.943
Dietary patterns H	NG 1(n = 12)	4541.15 (2382.98, 6667.98)	17.43 (15.25, 22.22)	10,628.18 (8755.50, 15,968.68)	0.28 (0.12, 0.86)
	OG (n = 12)	9686.51 (7252.75, 30,683.77)	14.57 (12.60, 20.40)	21,321.31 (15,695.00, 21,886.76)	0.67 (0.25, 1.30)
	Z	−3.118	−1.443	−3.002	−1.270
	P	0.002	0.149	0.003	0.204
Dietary patterns I	NG 1 (n = 26)	4143.52 (3030.95, 5814.74)	15.85 (12.71, 20.17)	13,143.02 (9767.03, 14,355.08)	0.44 (0.14, 0.98)
	OG (n = 23)	11,360.04 (5477.38, 14,349.29)	16.44 (14.34, 18.36)	18,515.49 (15,279.12, 22,937.07)	0.57 (0.30, 1.35)
	Z	−4.467	−0.130	−3.826	−1.062
	P	< 0.001	0.896	< 0.001	0.288
Dietary patterns A	NG 2 (n = 96)	3267.52 (1460.09, 6213.24)	15.95 (13.16, 20.23)	16,151.04 (11,763.52, 21,840.00)	0.40 (0.18, 0.88)
	OWG (n = 92)	9496.41 (4524.90, 15,522.01)	16.19 (13.22, 21.77)	10,112.75 (7576.11, 13,472.89)	0.58 (0.31, 1.16)
	Z	−7.176	−0.414	−6.439	−3.079
	P	< 0.001	0.679	< 0.001	0.002
Dietary patterns E	NG 2 (n = 60)	4032.43 (940.64, 6393.60)	15.95 (13.44, 19.79)	16,772.12 (13,320.28, 20,137.21)	0.39 (0.26, 0.78)
	OWG (n = 65)	10,634.34 (6291.45, 14,271.58)	16.75 (13.38, 19.40)	10,574.31 (8230.00, 14,849.98)	0.35 (0.24, 0.74)
	Z	−6.169	−0.099	−4.791	−0.501
	P	< 0.001	0.921	< 0.001	0.616
Dietary patterns H	NG 2 (n = 13)	4155.60 (1562.67, 6673.69)	18.34 (17.40, 20.88)	14,711.17 (12,169.33, 18,025.56)	0.58 (0.10, 0.91)
	OWG (n = 13)	11,199.25 (3298.46, 16,418.29)	14.60 (10.39, 19.51)	10,134.18 (7462.90, 13,146.85)	1.21 (0.86, 1.97)
	Z	−2.102	−1.479	−2.258	−3.001
	P	0.036	0.139	0.024	0.003
Dietary patterns I	NG 2 (n = 17)	3714.29 (2279.32, 6399.96)	16.03 (11.78, 19.03)	16,551.17 (13,659.53, 18,889.78)	0.36 (0.09, 0.67)
	OWG (n = 16)	9594.80 (4856.84, 12,538.61)	15.26 (13.63, 18.76)	10,861.32 (9446.91, 14,410.20)	0.39 (0.18, 1.25)
	Z	−3.169	−0.219	−2.732	−1.093
	P	< 0.05	0.827	0.006	0.274

Notes: Under the conditions of A, E, H and I dietary patterns, the serum Leptin and A-FABP level of the obese group was higher than normal group 1 (P < 0.001); there was no difference in serum UCP1 level between the obese group and normal group 1 (P > 0.05). However, the trend that the obesity group is higher than the normal group 1 can be seen. Similarly, the serum Leptin levels of the residents in overweight group were all higher than those of the normal group 2(P < 0.05).

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group.

Table 7 Correlation Study Between DBI Score and Serum Leptin, Visfatin, A-FABP and UCP1 Factors in Each Group

Group	Variable	HBS Score		LBS Score		TS Score		DQD Score
		r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P
NG 1 (n = 308)	Leptin	0.066	0.245	−0.033	0.567	0.060	0.297	−0.003	0.963
	Visfatin	0.026	0.651	0.012	0.838	0.003	0.955	0.052	0.362
	A-FABP	0.035	0.545	0.057	0.322	−0.008	0.885	0.086	0.133
	UCP1	−0.003	0.962	−0.057	0.317	0.03	0.605	−0.054	0.344
OG (n = 308)	Leptin	−0.036	0.524	0.034	0.553	−0.047	0.415	0.008	0.886
	Visfatin	0.068	0.234	−0.078	0.172	0.084	0.143	−0.040	0.484
	A-FABP	−0.016	0.776	−0.003	0.964	−0.009	0.871	−0.022	0.696
	UCP1	0.062	0.280	−0.009	0.874	0.050	0.379	0.043	0.448
NG 2 (n = 186)	Leptin	0.072	0.329	0.003	0.972	0.033	0.655	0.121	0.099
	Visfatin	0.026	0.724	−0.063	0.389	0.042	0.565	−0.037	0.616
	A-FABP	−0.085	0.248	0.063	0.395	−0.091	0.217	0.078	0.291
	UCP1	0.020	0.787	0.006	0.937	−0.011	0.883	0.007	0.929
OWG (n = 186)	Leptin	0.002	0.983	0.041	0.574	−0.065	0.381	0.028	0.703
	Visfatin	0.025	0.739	−0.034	0.65	0.016	0.826	−0.064	0.389
	A-FABP	−0.009	0.901	0.004	0.961	−0.028	0.708	−0.019	0.796
	UCP1	0.158	0.031	−0.044	0.554	0.093	0.207	0.051	0.489

Notes: Shows the correlation between DBI scores and serum Leptin, Visfatin, A-FABP, UCP1 factors in each group, in normal group 1 and obese group, normal group 2 and overweight group, only the dietary HBS score of overweight group was positively correlated with serum UCP1 level (P < 0.05, r > 0).

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group.

Table 8 Correlation Study Between DBI Score and Blood Indicators Factors in Each Group

Group	Variable	HBS Score		LBS Score		TS Score		DQD Score
		r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P
NG 1 (n = 308)	WBC	−0.053	0.354	−0.019	0.734	−0.006	0.915	−0.065	0.255
	RBC	−0.051	0.374	−0.057	0.322	0.012	0.839	−0.107	0.060
	HCT	0.026	0.653	0.040	0.487	−0.011	0.843	0.070	0.217
	MCV	−0.030	0.601	−0.039	0.490	0.008	0.891	−0.077	0.179
	PLT	0.002	0.965	0.055	0.339	−0.029	0.613	0.081	0.156
	PCT	0.015	0.791	0.059	0.301	−0.020	0.725	0.095	0.097
	HGB	−0.024	0.677	−0.050	0.377	0.022	0.707	−0.082	0.150
	MONO	0.037	0.515	0.002	0.970	0.011	0.842	0.012	0.831
	HR	−0.003	0.964	−0.024	0.675	0.022	0.704	−0.066	0.251
OG (n = 308)	WBC	−0.050	0.384	−0.011	0.842	−0.014	0.805	−0.039	0.492
	RBC	−0.035	0.543	−0.061	0.289	0.046	0.424	−0.032	0.574
	HCT	−0.047	0.415	0.061	0.286	−0.079	0.168	0.005	0.924
	MCV	−0.071	0.216	−0.005	0.937	−0.017	0.768	−0.007	0.906
	PLT	0.000	0.994	0.119	0.036	−0.097	0.090	0.107	0.060
	PCT	−0.031	0.584	0.125	0.028	−0.108	0.058	0.113	0.047
	HGB	−0.055	0.336	0.009	0.874	−0.017	0.772	0.023	0.690
	MONO	−0.036	0.527	0.114	0.046	−0.080	0.164	0.138	0.015
	HR	−0.008	0.893	−0.019	0.744	0.000	0.994	−0.013	0.818
NG 2 (n = 186)	WBC	−0.137	0.062	−0.077	0.298	−0.004	0.960	−0.154	0.036
	RBC	0.003	0.966	−0.006	0.932	0.003	0.971	−0.011	0.884
	HCT	−0.065	0.377	0.029	0.694	−0.050	0.498	0.001	0.994
	MCV	−0.039	0.597	−0.048	0.512	0.018	0.804	−0.091	0.218
	PLT	−0.032	0.666	−0.086	0.245	0.044	0.552	−0.125	0.089
	PCT	−0.031	0.675	−0.035	0.638	0.012	0.869	−0.075	0.306
	HGB	−0.022	0.761	−0.048	0.518	0.021	0.781	−0.077	0.296
	MONO	−0.029	0.699	−0.009	0.903	−0.009	0.898	−0.015	0.838
	HR	0.080	0.277	0.005	0.946	0.042	0.568	0.104	0.156
OWG (n = 186)	WBC	0.064	0.384	0.085	0.251	−0.063	0.397	0.078	0.293
	RBC	−0.019	0.793	0.114	0.123	−0.094	0.205	0.081	0.272
	HCT	−0.106	0.150	0.047	0.528	−0.076	0.305	0.008	0.914
	MCV	−0.034	0.647	0.011	0.879	0.011	0.881	−0.003	0.969
	PLT	−0.039	0.601	0.100	0.177	−0.125	0.091	0.062	0.406
	PCT	0.001	0.993	0.081	0.275	−0.098	0.183	0.057	0.444
	HGB	−0.006	0.935	0.008	0.914	0.028	0.704	0.011	0.887
	MONO	0.095	0.197	−0.009	0.905	0.059	0.423	0.025	0.740
	HR	0.124	0.092	0.100	0.176	−0.029	0.695	0.161	0.028

Notes: Shows the correlation between DBI scores and Blood indicators factors in each group, in normal group 1 and obese group, normal group 2 and overweight group, the dietary LBS score of obese group was positively correlated with blood PLT (P < 0.05, r > 0), PCT (P < 0.05, r > 0) and MONO (P < 0.05, r > 0) level; the dietary DQD score of obesity group was positively correlated with blood PCT (P < 0.05, r > 0) and MONO (P < 0.05, r > 0) level; the dietary DQD score of normal group 2 was positively correlated with blood WBC level (P < 0.05, r < 0); the dietary DQD score of overweight group was positively correlated with HR (P < 0.05, r > 0) level.

Abbreviations: NG1, Normal Group 1; OG, Obese Group; NG2, Normal Group 2; OWG, Overweight Group; WBC, White Blood Cell; RBC, Red Blood Cell; HCT, Hematocrit; MCV, Mean Corpuscular Volume; PLT, Platelet; PCT, Plateletcrit; HGB, Hemoglobin; MONO, Monocyte count; HR, Heart Rate.