Glycosylated hemoglobin as a screening test for hyperglycemia in antipsychotic-treated patients: a follow-up study

Figures & data

Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study group at baseline and follow-up after 1 year

	N=169	N=169
Mean age ± SD	41±12	42±12
Male/female	102/67 (60%/40%)	102/67 (60%/40%)
Caucasian	125 (74%)	125 (74%)
Smoking	91 (54%)	88 (52%)
DSM-IV classification
Schizophrenia	96 (57%)	96 (57%)
Schizoaffective disorder	26 (15%)	29 (17%)
Other psychotic disorder	42 (25%)	38 (23%)
Bipolar disorder	2 (1%)	2 (1%)
Others	3 (2%)	4 (2%)
Mean duration of illness (years ± SD)	13±8	14±8
Number of antipsychotic agents
(years ± SD)One antipsychotic	148 (88%)	135 (80%)
(years ± SD) ≥2 Antipsychotics	21 (12%)	28 (17%)
Other psychotropics
Antidepressants	38 (23%)	34 (20%)
Mood stabilizers	28 (17%)	26 (15%)
Benzodiazepines	63 (37%)	64 (38%)
Cardiometabolic parameters
BMI (kg/m^2)	27.9	28.1
Waist circumference (cm)	102.1	102.0
Blood pressure (mmHg)	127/83	124/82
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.4	5.2
LDL (mmol/L)	3.3	3.2
HDL (mmol/L)	1.2	1.2
TG	2.1	2.1
FG (mmol/L)	5.5	5.4
HbA1c (%)	5.4	5.5

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DSM-IV, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition; FG, fasting glucose; HbA_1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; TG, triglycerides.

Table 2 Cardiometabolic parameters in patients with NG, preDM, and DM

	NG (n=90)	PreDM (n=66)	DM (n=13)
Waist circumference (cm)	99	106*	105
BMI (kg/m^2)	27	30*	29
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	123	128*	136
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	81	86*	87
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	5.3	5.4	1.4
HDL (mmol/L)	1.3	1.1	1.1
LDL (mmol/L)	3.3	3.3	3.3
TG (mmol/L)	1.8	2.4*	3.0

Note:

* Significant difference between preDM and NG (P<0.05).

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; NG, normoglycemia; preDM, prediabetes; TG, triglycerides.

Figure 1 Number of baseline patients with preDM (n=66) according to FG only (n=32), HbA_1c only (n=21), or both (n=13).

Abbreviations: FG, fasting glucose; HbA_1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; preDM, prediabetes.

Figure 2 Frequencies of cardiometabolic parameters in patients with NG (n=90), preDM (n=66), and DM (n=13).

Note: *Significant differences (P<0.05) between patients classified as preDM vs NG.
Abbreviations: DM, diabetes mellitus; HDL, high density lipoprotein; LDL, low density lipoprotein; MetS, metabolic syndrome; NG, normoglycemia; preDM, prediabetes; TG, triglycerides.

Figure 3 Follow-up on patients with a baseline diagnosis of preDM according to (A) FG criteria only (B-FG) (n=32) and (B) HbA_1c criteria (B-HbA_1c) (n=34).

Abbreviations: B-FG, baseline patients diagnosed according to FG; DM, diabetes mellitus; FG, fasting glucose; HbA_1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; NG, normoglycemia; B-HbA_1c, baseline patients diagnosed according to HbA_1c; preDM, prediabetes.