Red cell distribution width in type 2 diabetic patients

Figures & data

Table 1 Criteria of diabetic patients and healthy controls

	Healthy controls (n=44)	Diabetics (n=260)	P-value
Duration of diabetes	–	10.98±6.92	–
Age (year)	54.39±12.26	56.80±11.95	0.221
BMI (kg/m^2)	30.55±4.51	31.49±5.14	0.255
SBP (mmHg)	125.68±7.37	129.10±16.33	0.174
DBP (mmHg)	76.00±7.30	72.68±9.04	0.021
WBC count	6.87±1.82	7.07±2.08	0.549
MCV	84.49±6.63	82.21±6.66	0.036
RDW	13.69±1.20	14.27±1.36	0.008
Platelet count	259.66±53.23	256.33±65.90	0.751
MPV	8.85±0.97	9.04±0.99	0.238
TG	1.63±0.79	1.57±0.80	0.666
T-Ch	4.94±0.71	4.4±1.05	<0.001
LDL	2.81±0.93	2.55±0.92	0.079
HDL	1.1±0.49	1.08±0.31	0.587

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, MCV: 76–96 fL, T-Ch: 3–5.2 mmol/L, LDL: <3.4 mmol/L, HDL: 0.62–1.55 mmol/L, and TG: 0.34–2.28 mmol/L.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; WBC, white blood cell; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RDW, red cell distribution width; MPV, mean platelet volume; TG, triglyceride; T-Ch, total cholesterol; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.

Table 2 The studied CBC indices in diabetic patients with A_1c ≤7% vs patients with A_1c >7%

	≤7 (n=47)	>7 (n=213)	P-value
WBC count	6.75±1.74	7.17±2.16	0.095
MCV	83.95±6.93	81.94±6.51	0.016
RDW	13.94±1.29	14.29±1.36	0.035
Platelet count	254.75±60.80	257.69±65.65	0.706
MPV	8.95±1.05	9.03±0.965	0.524

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, and MCV: 76–96 fL.

Abbreviations: CBC, complete blood count; WBC, white blood cell; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; RDW, red cell distribution width; MPV, mean platelet volume.

Figure 1 Red cell distribution width in diabetic patients (n=260) vs controls (n=44).

Table 3 Correlations of CBC indices with various variables

	RDW		MCV		MPV		Platelet count		WBC count
	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P	r	P
Age (year)	0.012	0.853	0.075	0.228	−0.061	0.326	−0.131	0.035	0.008	0.9
BMI (kg/m^2)	0.228	<0.0001	−0.149	0.016	0.064	0.306	0.097	0.117	0.035	0.572
Duration of DM (year)	0.103	0.107	−0.051	0.424	0.034	0.6	0.034	0.593	0.125	0.049
SBP (mmHg)	0.109	0.078	−0.001	0.984	0.002	0.971	0.032	0.603	0.008	0.898
DBP (mmHg)	−0.094	0.13	0.088	0.159	−0.067	0.28	−0.024	0.699	0.109	0.08
FPG (mmol/L)	−0.076	0.22	−0.036	0.564	0.119	0.057	−0.009	0.899	0.044	0.481
A1c	0.017	0.781	−0.123	0.048	0.087	0.164	0.005	0.934	0.017	0.786
TG	−0.099	0.086	−0.038	0.504	0.099	0.882	−0.14	0.015	0.001	0.991
T-Ch	−0.01	0.857	−0.026	0.658	−0.054	0.345	0.05	0.39	−0.155	0.007
LDL-c	0.013	0.824	−0.071	0.215	−0.021	0.711	0.028	0.628	−0.152	0.008
HDL-c	0.025	0.667	0.042	0.463	−0.057	0.326	0.153	0.008	−0.094	0.103

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, MCV: 76–96 fL, T-Ch: 3–5.2 mmol/L, LDL: <3.4 mmol/L, HDL: 0.62–1.55 mmol/L, and TG: 0.34–2.28 mmol/L.

Abbreviations: CBC, complete blood count; RDW, red cell distribution width; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; WBC, white blood cell; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; TG, triglyceride; T-Ch, total cholesterol; LDL-c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-c, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

Table 4 r and P-values of the correlations between WBC count and other CBC indices

	r	P-value
RDW	0.118	0.059
MCV	0.036	0.562
MPV	0.038	0.542
Platelet count	0.16	0.01

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, and MCV: 76–96 fL.

Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell; CBC, complete blood count; RDW, red cell distribution width; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MPV, mean platelet volume.

Table 5 P-values of the effects of different medications in patients (in comparison with controls)

	RDW	MCV	MPV	Platelet count	WBC count
Indapamide	0.473	0.214	0.456	0.15	0.716
Thiazides	0.014	0.18	0.009	0.686	0.14
ACEI	0.001	0.028	0.557	0.928	0.493
ARBs	0.023	0.315	0.106	0.317	0.009
CCB	0.003	0.12	0.45	0.458	0.379
ACEI + indapamide	<0.0001	0.002	0.403	0.111	0.623
ARBs + thiazides	0.15	0.567	0.77	0.109	0.143
Metformin	0.12	0.064	0.16	0.91	0.471
SU	0.01	0.17	0.46	0.776	0.293
Insulin	0.022	0.019	0.200	0.899	0.39
Pioglitazone	0.021	0.102	0.247	0.94	0.637
DPP4I	0.043	0.278	0.869	0.788	0.067
Aspirin	0.009	0.159	0.368	0.951	0.33
Clopidogrel	0.021	0.132	0.894	0.667	0.59
Statins	0.006	0.078	0.435	0.789	0.346

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, and MCV: 76–96 fL.

Abbreviations: RDW, red cell distribution width; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; WBC, white blood cell; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARBs, angiotensin receptor blockers; CCB, calcium channel blockers; SU, sulfonylurea; DPP4I, dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor.

Figure 2 No effect of aspirin on mean platelet volume (MPV) in diabetic patients (n=163) in comparison to control (n=44); P=0.368.

Figure 3 No effect of clopidogrel on mean platelet volume (MPV) in diabetic patients (n=14) in comparison to control (n=44); P=0.89.

Table 6 Comparison of the studied CBC indices in pre- and postmenopausal females

	Premenopausal (M ± SD) n=20	Post menopausal (M ± SD) n=78	P-value
RDW	15.10±1.67	14.60±1.46	0.183
MCV	77.96±7.63	81.31±6.93	0.061
MPV	9.06±1.04	9.12±1.09	0.831
Platelet count	293±75.29	267.54±70.11	0.156
WBC count	6.96±1.64	6.91±1.79	0.921

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, and MCV: 76–96 fL.

Abbreviations: CBC, complete blood count; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; RDW, red cell distribution width; MPV, mean platelet volume; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; WBC, white blood cell.

Table 7 CBC indices in pre- and postmenopausal females in comparison with males

	Males (M ± SD), n=162	Premenopausal females		Postmenopausal females
		M ± SD	P-value	M ± SD	P-value
RDW	14.01±1.19	15.1±1.67	<0.0001	14.60±1.456	0.001
MCV	83.18±6.15	77.96±7.63	0.001	81.31±6.932	0.035
MPV	8.99±0.94	9.06±1.04	0.77	9.12±1.09	0.365
Platelet count	246.27±60.24	293±75.29	0.002	267.54±70.11	0.016
WBC count	7.17±2.26	6.96±1.64	0.686	6.91±1.79	0.347

Notes: Measuring units and reference ranges: WBC count: 4–11×10⁹/µL, platelet count: 140–440×10⁹/µL, MPV: 7–13 fL, RDW: 11%–14%, and MCV: 76–96 fL.

Abbreviations: CBC, complete blood count; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; RDW, red cell distribution width; MCV, mean corpuscular volume; MPV, mean platelet volume; WBC, white blood cell.

Figure 4 RDW in premenopausal (n=20) and postmenopausal females (n=78) vs males (n=162; P≤0.0001 and 0.001 consecutively).

Notes: Premenopausal females vs males: P≤0.0001; postmenopausal females vs males: P=0.001; and pre- vs postmenopausal females: P=0.183.
Abbreviation: RDW, red cell distribution width.