Current screening and treatments in retinopathy of prematurity in the US

Figures & data

Table 1 Classification of retinopathy of prematurity

Location

Zone I: posterior retina within a 60° circle centered on the optic nerve

Zone II: from zone I to a 360° circle encompassing the nasal ora

Zone III: remaining temporal peripheral retina

Severity

Stage 1: a flat demarcation line that differentiates vascular from avascular retina

Stage 2: elevated ridge between the vascular and avascular retina with or without small tufts of fibrovascular proliferation (“popcorn”)

Stage 3: neovascular vessels growing along the ridge into the vitreous

Stage 4: partial retinal detachment

4A: extrafoveal

4B: including fovea

Stage 5: total retinal detachment, usually with funnel configuration

Plus disease: arteriolar tortuosity and venous engorgement in the posterior pole, a sign of progressive disease

Preplus disease: dilation and tortuosity that are insufficient for the diagnosis of plus disease

Table 2 Clinical phenotypes of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) as per the Early Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ETROP) cooperative group classification

Type 1 ROP (high-risk prethreshold disease) – treat (within 48–72 hours)

Zone I, any stage with plus disease

Zone I, stage 3 without plus disease

Zone II, stage 2 or 3 with plus disease

Type 2 ROP (low-risk prethreshold disease) – watch closely (within 1 week)

Zone I, stage 1 or 2 without plus disease

Zone II, stage 3 without plus disease