Growth hormone and tesamorelin in the management of HIV-associated lipodystrophy

Figures & data

Table 1 Safety and efficacy of growth hormone releasing hormone in randomized controlled trials

Reference	Patients	Dose and duration	Body composition	Metabolic parameters
Koutia et al^Citation78	N = 31 (men) WHR ≥ 0.90 Increased abdominal girth or fat loss in face or extremities	1 mg bid × 12 weeks	↓ VAT (−19.2 cm^2 vs +2.3 cm^2; P = 0.07) ↓ VAT:SAT ratio (−0.19 vs +0.07; P = 0.02) ↑ LBM (+0.9 kg vs −0.3 kg; P = 0.04)	↑ IGF-1 (104 ng/mL vs 6 ng/mL; P = 0.004) No significant changes in lipids: ↑ TG (+72 mg/dL vs +40 mg/dL; P = 0.63)
Falutz et al^Citation82	N = 61 Men: WHR ≥ 0.94 and WC ≥ 95 cm Women: WHR ≥ 0.88 and WC ≥ 94 cm	1 mg qd × 12 weeks 2 mg qd × 12 weeks	↓ VAT (−11.9 cm^2 vs −12.0 cm^2; P = 1.000) ↓ VAT:SAT ratio (−0.23 vs −0.01; P = 0.043) ↓ VAT (−21.5 cm^2 vs −12.0 cm^2; P = 0.643) ↓ VAT:SAT ratio (−0.14 vs −0.01; P = 0.008)	↑ IGF-1 (+79 ng/mL vs +22 ng/mL; P = 0.004) ↓ TG (−0.9 vs −0.2 mmol/L; P = 0.615) ↓ Chol:HDL (−0.3 vs +0.3; P = 0.051) ↑ IGF-1 (+103 vs +22 ng/mL; P < 0.001) ↓ TG (−0.9 vs −0.2 mmol/L; P = 0.013) Chol:HDL (−0.3 vs +0.3; P = 0.013)
Falutz et al^Citation84	N = 412 (86% men) Men: WHR ≥ 0.94 and WC ≥ 95 cm Women: WHR ≥ 0.88 and WC ≥ 94 cm	2 mg qd × 26 weeks	↓ VAT (−27.8 cm^2 vs −5.1 cm^2; P < 0.001) ↓ VAT:SAT ratio (−0.25 vs 0.07; P < 0.001) LBM (+1.3 kg vs −0.2 kg; P < 0.001)	IGF-1 (+109 ng/mL vs −16 ng/mL; P < 0.001) ↓ TG (−50 vs +9 md/dL; P < 0.001) ↓ Chol:HDL (−0.31 vs +0.21; P < 0.001)
Falutz et al^Citation85	N = 404 Men: WHR ≥ 0.94 and WC ≥ 95 cm Women: WHR ≥ 0.88 and WC ≥ 94 cm	2 mg qd × 26 weeks	↓ VAT (−21 cm^2 vs −1 cm^2; P < 0.001) ↓ VAT:SAT ratio (−0.23 vs −0.03; P < 0.001) LBM (+1.2 kg vs −0.0 kg; P < 0.001)	IGF-1 (+106 ng/mL vs +3 ng/mL; P < 0.001) ↓ TG (−22 mg/dL vs +3 mg/dL; P = 0.10) ↓ Chol:HDL (−0.05 vs +0.15; P = 0.10)

1 Notes: Absolute, relative changes and P values are comparing treatment group(s) vs placebo group. All studies were randomized, placebo-controlled trials.

Abbreviations: VAT, visceral adipose tissue; VAT:SAT, Ratio of visceral to subcutaneous adipose tissue; WHR, waist-to-hip ratio; LBM, lean body mass; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; TG, triglycerides; Chol:HDL, ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoproteins, bid, twice daily; qd, once daily.

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